Information about Greek Diaspora
The Greek diaspora (Greek: ελληνική διασπορά elliniki diaspora) is a term used to refer to the communities of Greek people living outside of the traditional Greek homelands in southeast Europe and Asia Minor. Members of the diaspora can be identified as those who themselves, or whose ancestors, migrated from the Greek homelands.
After the Treaty of Constantinople the political situation stabilised somewhat, and some of the displaced families moved back to the newly-independent country to become key figures in cultural, educational and political life, especially in Athens. Finance and assistance from overseas were channelled through these family ties, and helped provide institutions such as the National Library, and sent relief after natural disasters.
After the First World War most Greeks living in the territory of modern Turkey were forced or coerced into leaving areas occupied by Greek people since antiquity. Many came to modern Greece, but The Russian Empire (later USSR) was also a major destination.
After the Greek Civil War some left wing activists and their families moved to the Communist Countries of Europe due to the political situation. Hungary even founded a whole new village, Beloiannisz for Greek immigrants. While many immigrants returned later, these countries still have numerous first and second generation Greeks who maintain their traditions.
The Arab Nationalism of President Nasser of Egypt led to the expulsion of a large Greek population from that country in the 1950s. Until that point Alexandria had been an important centre of Greek culture since antiquity, with the business life of the city dominated by Greeks.
With the fall of Communism in eastern Europe and the USSR, numbers of Greeks of the Diaspora whose Greek ancestry was many generations removed, immigrated to modern Greece's urban centres in Athens and Thessaloniki and onto Cyprus. Movements from Georgia were most numerous.
The term 'Pontian Greeks' is used to refer to those who have come from the countries around the Black Sea.
The General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad is a dependency of the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and has compiled several studies on the Greeks of the diaspora.
The total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available it shows around 3 million Greeks outside of Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the Council of overseas Greeks {SAE} put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Integration, intermarriage and loss of the Greek language also influence the definition and self-definition of Greeks of the Diaspora.
The queen Cleopatra of Egypt, King Attalos, Antiochius III, George Averoff, Arsaki, Maria Callas, Jennifer Aniston, George Michael, Telly Savalas, Doménicos Theotokópoulos (El Greco), Georges Corraface, Greg Louganis, John Varvatos, Elia Kazan, Constantine Lascaris, Marcus Musurus, Yiannis Pharmakis, Queen Sophia of Spain, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Peter Andre, Jake and Dinos Chapman Sir Alec Issigonis, Michael Dukakis, Olympia Dukakis, Michael Dertouzos, George Bizos, Mario Frangoulis, George Sava, Spyros Skouras, Arianna Huffington, Panayiotis Zavos, Nicholas Negroponte, Grigorios S. Kapageridis, Nik Poulos, Spiro Agnew, George Stephanopoulos,
See also:
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History
Ancient Times
In ancient times the trading and colonising activities of the Greek tribes and city states spread people of Greek culture, religion and language around the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, especially in Sicily, southern Italy, Spain the South of France and the Black sea coasts. Under Alexander the Great's Empire Greek ruling classes were established in the middle east and in Egypt. Under the Roman Empire movement of people spread Greeks across the Empire and in the eastern territories Greek became the lingua franca rather than Latin. The Roman Empire became Christianized in the fourth century AD, and in the Byzantine period practice of the Greek Orthodox form of Christianity became a defining hallmark of Greek identity.7th Century
In the seventh century Emperor Heraclius adopted Greek as the official language. Greeks continued to live around the Levant, Mediterranean and Black Sea maintaining a Greek identity amongst local populations as traders, officials and settlers. Under the Ottoman Empire these populations generally remained.Modern Times
19th Century
During and after the Greek War of Independence, Greeks of the Diaspora were important in establishing the fledgling state, raising funds and awareness abroad. Greek merchant families already had contacts in other countries and during the disturbances many set up home around the Mediterranean (notably Marseilles in France, Livorno in Italy, Alexandria in Egypt), Russia (Odessa and St Petersburg), and Britain (London and Liverpool) from where they traded, typically in textiles and grain. Businesses frequently comprised the whole extended family, and with them they brought schools teaching Greek and the Greek Orthodox church. As markets changed and they became more established, some families grew their operations to become shippers, financed through the local Greek community, notably with the aid of the Ralli or Vagliano Brothers. With economic success the Diaspora expanded further across the Levant, North Africa, India and the USA.After the Treaty of Constantinople the political situation stabilised somewhat, and some of the displaced families moved back to the newly-independent country to become key figures in cultural, educational and political life, especially in Athens. Finance and assistance from overseas were channelled through these family ties, and helped provide institutions such as the National Library, and sent relief after natural disasters.
20th Century
In the twentieth century many Greeks left the traditional homelands for economic reasons resulting in large migrations from Greece and Cyprus to the United States, Great Britain, Australia, Germany and South Africa, especially after the Second World War (1939-45) the Greek Civil War (1946-49) and the Turkish Invasion of Cyprus in 1974.After the First World War most Greeks living in the territory of modern Turkey were forced or coerced into leaving areas occupied by Greek people since antiquity. Many came to modern Greece, but The Russian Empire (later USSR) was also a major destination.
After the Greek Civil War some left wing activists and their families moved to the Communist Countries of Europe due to the political situation. Hungary even founded a whole new village, Beloiannisz for Greek immigrants. While many immigrants returned later, these countries still have numerous first and second generation Greeks who maintain their traditions.
The Arab Nationalism of President Nasser of Egypt led to the expulsion of a large Greek population from that country in the 1950s. Until that point Alexandria had been an important centre of Greek culture since antiquity, with the business life of the city dominated by Greeks.
With the fall of Communism in eastern Europe and the USSR, numbers of Greeks of the Diaspora whose Greek ancestry was many generations removed, immigrated to modern Greece's urban centres in Athens and Thessaloniki and onto Cyprus. Movements from Georgia were most numerous.
The term 'Pontian Greeks' is used to refer to those who have come from the countries around the Black Sea.
Today
Important centres of the Greek Diaspora today are Chicago, London, New York, Melbourne and Toronto.The General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad is a dependency of the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and has compiled several studies on the Greeks of the diaspora.
The total number of Greeks living outside Greece and Cyprus today is a contentious issue. Where Census figures are available it shows around 3 million Greeks outside of Greece and Cyprus. Estimates provided by the Council of overseas Greeks {SAE} put the figure at around 7 million worldwide. Integration, intermarriage and loss of the Greek language also influence the definition and self-definition of Greeks of the Diaspora.
Well known Greeks of the Diaspora
Well known people in the Greek diaspora include:The queen Cleopatra of Egypt, King Attalos, Antiochius III, George Averoff, Arsaki, Maria Callas, Jennifer Aniston, George Michael, Telly Savalas, Doménicos Theotokópoulos (El Greco), Georges Corraface, Greg Louganis, John Varvatos, Elia Kazan, Constantine Lascaris, Marcus Musurus, Yiannis Pharmakis, Queen Sophia of Spain, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Peter Andre, Jake and Dinos Chapman Sir Alec Issigonis, Michael Dukakis, Olympia Dukakis, Michael Dertouzos, George Bizos, Mario Frangoulis, George Sava, Spyros Skouras, Arianna Huffington, Panayiotis Zavos, Nicholas Negroponte, Grigorios S. Kapageridis, Nik Poulos, Spiro Agnew, George Stephanopoulos,
See also:
- List of Greek Americans
- List of Greek Australians
- List of Greek Canadians
- Greeks in Great Britain
)
Top 50 countries with the largest Greek populations
Number of Greeks in all countries
| Rank | Country | Capital | Number of ethnic Greeks | Main articles |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ){kind=small} Greece | Athens | 10,196,539 (2001 census) [1] | Demographics of Greece |
| 2 | ){kind=small} United States | Washington, D.C. | 1,213,807 (2000 census) [2] – an estimated 3,000,000 claim Greek descent [3] | Greek American |
| 3 | ){kind=small} Cyprus | Nicosia | 618,455 (2001 census) [4] | Greek Cypriots, Greek Cypriot diaspora |
| 4 | ){kind=small} Australia | Canberra | 365,150 (2006 census) [5] – | Greek Australian |
| 5 | ){kind=small} Germany | Berlin | 354,500 (est.) [6] – 320,000 (2006 est.) [7] | Greeks in Germany |
| 6 | ){kind=small} Canada | Ottawa | 215,105 (2001 census) [8] – 450,000 (est.)<ref name="Globe" /> | Greek Canadians |
| 7 | ){kind=small} South Africa | Pretoria | 120,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – see also [1] | Greeks in South Africa |
| 8 | ){kind=small} United Kingdom | London | 112,163 (2001 census) - excludes all British-born Greeks (est. 200,000) [9] | Greeks in Great Britain |
| 9 | Russia | Moscow | 97,827 (2002 census) [10] – 150,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Russia |
| 10 | ){kind=small} Ukraine | Kiev | 91,500 (2001 census) [11] – 250,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> (500,000 - est. 2000) | Greeks in Ukraine |
| 11 | Albania | Tirana | 58,785 (1989 census) [12] – 400,000 (est.) [13] | Greeks in Albania |
| 12 | ){kind=small} France | Paris | 35,000 (est.) [14] <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in France |
| 13 | Brazil | BrasÃlia | 25,000 – 30,000 (est.) [15] | Greeks in Brazil |
| 14 | Belgium | Brussels | 25,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – 35,000 (est.) [16] | Greeks in Belgium |
| 15 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | 20,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – 30,000 (est.) [17] | Greeks in Argentina |
| 16 | ){kind=small} Italy | Rome | 20,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – 30,000 (est.) [18] | Greeks in Italy |
| 17 | ){kind=small} Georgia | Tbilisi | 15,166 (2002 census) [19] – 120,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Georgia |
| 18 | Serbia | Belgrade | 15,000 (est.) [20] | Greeks in Serbia |
| 19 | ){kind=small} Kazakhstan | Astana | 12,703 (1999 census) [21] – 120,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Kazakhstan |
| 20 | ){kind=small} Sweden | Stockholm | 12,000 – 15,000 (est.) [22] – 20,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Sweden |
| 21 | ){kind=small} Uzbekistan | Tashkent | 9,500 (est.) [23] – 10,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Uzbekistan |
| 22 | Switzerland | Bern | 8,340 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – 11,000 (est.) [24] | Greeks in Switzerland |
| 23 | Romania | Bucharest | 6,513 (2002 census) [25] – 14,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Romania |
| 24 | Austria | Vienna | 5,000 (est.) [26] – 6,500 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Austria |
| 25 | ){kind=small} Turkey | Ankara | 5,000 (2006 est.) [27] | Greeks in Turkey |
| 26 | New Zealand | Wellington | 4,500 (est.) [28] – 10,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in New Zealand |
| 27 | Netherlands | Amsterdam | 4,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> – 12,500 (est.) [29] | Greeks in the Netherlands |
| 28 | ){kind=small} Egypt | Cairo | 3,800 (est.) [30] – 350,000 (1989 est.) [31] | Greeks in Egypt |
| 29 | Bulgaria | Sofia | 3,408 (2001 census) [32] – 28,500 [33] | Greeks in Bulgaria |
| 30 | ){kind=small} Czech Republic | Prague | 3,231 (2001 census) [34] – 7,000 (est.) [35] | Greeks in the Czech Republic |
| 31 | ){kind=small} Moldova | Chişinău | 3,000 (est.) [36] – 4,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Moldova |
| 32 | Hungary | Budapest | 2,509 (2001 census) [37] – 6,000 (est.) [38] | Greeks in Hungary |
| 33 | ){kind=small} Lebanon | Beirut | 1,500 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Lebanon |
| 34 | ){kind=small} Oman | Muscat | 1,500 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Oman |
| 35 | ){kind=small} Poland | Warsaw | 1,404 (2002 census) [39] – 4,300 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Poland |
| 36 | ){kind=small} Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 1,300 (est.) <ref name="Globe" /> | Greeks in Saudi Arabia |
| 37 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 1,200 <ref name="Globe" /> – 2,000 (est.) [40] | Greeks in Luxembourg |
| 38 | ){kind=small} Cameroon | Yaoundé | 1,200 (est.) [41] | Greeks in Cameroon |
| 39 | ){kind=small} Armenia | Yerevan | 1,176 (2002 census) [42] – 15,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Armenia |
| 40 | Venezuela | Caracas | 1,148 (est.) [43] – 2,500 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Venezuela |
| 41 | ){kind=small} Zimbabwe | Harare | 1,100 (est.) [44] – 4,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Zimbabwe |
| 42 | Uruguay | Montevideo | 1,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 2,000 (est.) [45] | Greeks in Uruguay |
| 43 | ){kind=small} Chile | Santiago | 1,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 1,500 (est.) [46] | Greeks in Chile |
| 44 | Mexico | Mexico City | 1,000 (est.) [47] <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Mexico |
| 45 | ){kind=small} Syria | Damascus | 1,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Syria |
| 46 | Panama | Panama City | 800 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 1,000 (est.) [48] | Greeks in Panama |
| 47 | ){kind=small} Zambia | Lusaka | 700 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Zambia |
| 48 | ){kind=small} Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | 650 – 700 (est.) [49] | Greeks in Kyrgyzstan |
| 49 | Denmark | Copenhagen | 500 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 1,000 (est.) [50] | Greeks in Denmark |
| 50 | ){kind=small} Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | 500 (est.) [51] – 700 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Ethiopia |
| 51 | ){kind=small} Republic of Macedonia | Skopje | 422 (2002 census) [52] – 250,000 (1994 est.) [53] | Greeks in the Republic of Macedonia |
| 52 | ){kind=small} Jordan | Amman | 400 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 600 (est.) [54] | Greeks in Jordan |
| 53 | ){kind=small} Norway | Oslo | 350 (est.) [55] <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Norway |
| 54 | ){kind=small} Democratic Republic of the Congo (ex. Zaire) | Kinshasa | 300 (est.) [56] – 5000 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 55 | ){kind=small} Spain | Madrid | 300 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – 1,500 – 2,000 (est.) [57] | Greeks in Spain |
| 56 | ){kind=small} Bahamas | Nassau | 300 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in the Bahamas |
| 57 | ){kind=small} Nigeria | Abuja | 300 (est.) [58] <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Nigeria |
| 58 | ){kind=small} Tanzania | Dodoma | 300 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Tanzania |
| 59 | Israel | Jerusalem | 250 – 300 (est.) [59] – 1,500 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> (non-Jewish Greek only) | Greeks in Israel |
| 60 | ){kind=small} Sudan | Khartoum | 250 (est.) [60] – 700 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Sudan |
| 61 | ){kind=small} Azerbaijan | Baku | 250 – 300 (est.) [61] | Greeks in Azerbaijan |
| 62 | ){kind=small} Lithuania | Vilnius | 250 (est.) [62] | Greeks in Lithuania |
| 63 | Malawi | Lilongwe | 200 (est.) [63] – 800 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Malawi |
| 64 | ){kind=small} Colombia | Bogotá, D.C. | 200 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Colombia |
| 65 | ){kind=small} Ireland | Dublin | 200 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> – for further information, see [2] | Greeks in Ireland |
| 66 | Kenya | Nairobi | 200 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in Kenya |
| 67 | ){kind=small} United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 200 (est.) <ref name="Globe2" /> | Greeks in the United Arab Emirates |
| 68 | ){kind=small} Morocco | Rabat | 180 (est.) [64] | Greeks in Morocco |
| 69 | ){kind=small} Peru | Lima | 150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> – 350 (est.) [65] | Greeks in Peru |
| 70 | ){kind=small} Portugal | Lisbon | 150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> – 240 (est.) [66] | Greeks in Portugal |
| 71 | ){kind=small} Botswana | Gaborone | 150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Botswana |
| 72 | Djibouti | Djibouti City | 150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Djibouti |
| 73 | ){kind=small} Estonia | Tallinn | 150 (est.) [67] | Greeks in Estonia |
| 74 | ){kind=small} Finland | Helsinki | 150 (est.) [68] <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Finland |
| 75 | ){kind=small} Hong Kong | – | 150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Hong Kong |
| 76 | Kuwait | Kuwait City | 140 (est.) [69] –150 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Kuwait |
| 77 | ){kind=small} Latvia | Riga | 100 (est.) [70] – 10,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Latvia |
| 78 | ){kind=small} Japan | Tokyo | 100 (est) <ref name="Globe3" /> – 300 (est.) [71] | Greeks in Japan |
| 79 | ){kind=small} Bolivia | La Paz | 100 (est.) [72] <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Bolivia |
| 80 | ){kind=small} People's Republic of China | Beijing | 100 (est.) [73] | Greeks in China |
| 81 | ){kind=small} Costa Rica | San José | 80 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Costa Rica |
| 82 | ){kind=small} Indonesia | Jakarta | 72 (est.) [74] | Greeks in Indonesia |
| 83 | ){kind=small} Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | 70 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Papua New Guinea |
| 84 | ){kind=small} Iran | Tehran | 60 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> – 80 (est.) [75] | Greeks in Iran |
| 85 | Côte d'Ivoire | Yamoussoukro | 60 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Côte d'Ivoire |
| 86 | ){kind=small} Madagascar | Antananarivo | 60 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Madagascar |
| 87 | Slovenia | Ljubljana | 54 (2002 census) [76] | Greeks in Slovenia |
| 88 | ){kind=small} Croatia | Zagreb | 50 (est.) [77] | Greeks in Croatia |
| 89 | ){kind=small} Tunisia | Tunis | 50 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Tunisia |
| 90 | Senegal | Dakar | 50 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Senegal |
| 91 | ){kind=small} Central African Republic | Bangui | 40 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in the Central African Republic |
| 92 | ){kind=small} Qatar | Doha | 40 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Qatar |
| 93 | ){kind=small} Singapore | – | 40 (est.) [78] | Greeks in Singapore |
| 94 | ){kind=small} Malta | Valletta | 35 – 40 (est.) [79] | Greeks in Malta |
| 95 | ){kind=small} Cuba | Havana | 30 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Cuba |
| 96 | ){kind=small} Algeria | Algiers | 30 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Algeria |
| 97 | ){kind=small} Eritrea | Asmara | 30 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Eritrea |
| 98 | Slovakia | Bratislava | apart from some 80 students currently in Slovakia, there are no more than twenty Greeks, and no form of association [80] | Greeks in Slovakia |
| 99 | ){kind=small} Paraguay | Asunción | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> – 25 (est.) [81] | Greeks in Paraguay |
| 100 | ){kind=small} Chad | N'Djamena | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Chad |
| 101 | ){kind=small} Ecuador | Quito | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Ecuador |
| 102 | ){kind=small} Guatemala | Guatemala City | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Guatemala |
| 103 | ){kind=small} Mozambique | Maputo | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Mozambique |
| 104 | ){kind=small} Namibia | Windhoek | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Namibia |
| 105 | ){kind=small} Togo | Lomé | 20 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in Togo |
| 106 | ){kind=small} Republic of the Congo | Brazzaville | 10 (est.) <ref name="Globe3" /> | Greeks in the Republic of the Congo |
| 107 | ){kind=small} Belarus | Minsk | unknown – for further information, see [3] | Greeks in Belarus |
See also
- Antiochian Greeks
- Cappadocian Greek language
- Church of Greece
- Cypriot Orthodox Church
- Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
- Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
- Greek Byzantine Catholic Church
- Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria
- Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
- Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem
- Greek-Calabrian dialect
- Greeks
- Griko language
- Orthodox Church in America
- Pontic Greeks
References
1. ^ According to the 2001 census, the total population of Greece was 10,964,020 out of which [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gr.html#People 93%] (or 10,196,539) are Greeks.
2. ^ United States of America: 2000 census
3. ^ United States Department of State: Background Note: Greece
4. ^ 2001 census, in Cypriot government-controlled area.
5. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006: [4]
6. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
7. ^ Germany: Greek population in Germany, by the Federal Republic of Germany (Relations between Greece and Germany)
8. ^ See List of Canadians by ethnicity
9. ^ BBC Special: Born Abroad [5]. This figure includes only Greeks born in Greece (35,007) and Cyprus (77,156). The actual number of Greeks (and especially Greek Cypriots) in the UK is much higher.
10. ^ Norwegian Institute of International Affairs: Centre for Russian Studies: 2002 census
11. ^ State Statistics Committee of Ukraine: 2001 census
12. ^ UNPO: Greek Minority in Albania
13. ^ Country Studies US: Greeks and Other Minorities
14. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: France: The Greek Community
15. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Brazil: The Greek Community
16. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Belgium: The Greek Community
17. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Argentina: The Greek Community
18. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Italy: The Greek Community
19. ^ Eurominority: Greeks in Georgia
20. ^ Glas Javnosti: Nama su samo Srbi braća
21. ^ Japan External Trade Organization: Institute of Developing Economies: Ethnodemographic situation in Kazakhstan
22. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Sweden: The Greek Community
23. ^ Central Asia – Caucasus analyst: Greeks in Uzbekistan
24. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Switzerland: The Greek Community
25. ^ ClubAfaceri: 2002 (Romanian) census
26. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Austria: The Greek Community
27. ^ "Ethnic Greeks of Istanbul convene", Athens News Agency, 2 July 2006. Additionally, there are 600,000 Greek-speaking people in Turkey according to the Columbia Encyclopedia [6], although this figure will certainly include Turkish-identifying Greek Muslims.
28. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: New Zealand: The Greek Community
29. ^ According to the Netherlands Statistical Service, quoted by: Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Netherlands: The Greek Community
30. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Egypt: The Greek Community
31. ^ United Nations Human Rights Website – Treaty Bodies Database – Document – Summary Record – Egypt
32. ^ Republic of Bulgaria: National Statistical Institute: 2001 census
33. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Bulgaria: The Greek Community
34. ^ Office of the Czech Republic Government: Report on the Situation of National Minorities in the Czech Republic in 2001
35. ^ According to the Association of Greek Communities in the Czech Republic quoted by the Office of the Czech Republic Government: Report on the Situation of National Minorities in the Czech Republic in 2001
36. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Moldova
37. ^ Hungarian Central Statistical Office: 2001 census
38. ^ Eurominority: Greeks in Hungary
39. ^ See Demographics of Poland
40. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Luxembourg: The Greek Community
41. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
42. ^ National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia: 2002 census
43. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Venezuela: The Greek Community
44. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Zimbabwe: The Greek Community
45. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Uruguay: The Greek Community
46. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Chile: The Greek Community
47. ^ Comunidad Helenica de Mexico: The Greek side of Mexico
48. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Uruguay: The Greek Community
49. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Kyrgyzstan: The Greek Community
50. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Denmark: The Greek Community
51. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Ethiopia: The Greek Community
52. ^ See Demographics of the Republic of Macedonia
53. ^ Johns Hopkins University Press: Victor Roudometof, Nationalism and Identity Politics in the Balkans: Greece and the Macedonian Question
54. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Jordan: The Greek Community
55. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Norway: The Greek Community
56. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Democratic Republic of Congo: The Greek Community
57. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Spain: The Greek Community
58. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Nigeria: The Greek Community
59. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Azerbaijan: The Greek Community
60. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Sudan: The Greek Community
61. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Azerbaijan: The Greek Community
62. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Lithuania: The Greek Community
63. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Malawi: The Greek Community
64. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
65. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Peru: The Greek Community
66. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Portugal: The Greek Community
67. ^ Estonian Statistical Office: Estonia: The Greek Community
68. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Finland: The Greek Community
69. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Kuwait: The Greek Community
70. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Latvia: The Greek Community
71. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Japan: The Greek Community
72. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Bolivia: The Greek Community
73. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: China: The Greek Community
74. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Indonesia: The Greek Community
75. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Iran: The Greek Community
76. ^ Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia: Census of population, households and housing 2002
77. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Croatia: The Greek Community
78. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Singapore: The Greek Community
79. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Malta: The Greek Community
80. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Slovakia
81. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Singapore: The Greek Community
2. ^ United States of America: 2000 census
3. ^ United States Department of State: Background Note: Greece
4. ^ 2001 census, in Cypriot government-controlled area.
5. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006: [4]
6. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
7. ^ Germany: Greek population in Germany, by the Federal Republic of Germany (Relations between Greece and Germany)
8. ^ See List of Canadians by ethnicity
9. ^ BBC Special: Born Abroad [5]. This figure includes only Greeks born in Greece (35,007) and Cyprus (77,156). The actual number of Greeks (and especially Greek Cypriots) in the UK is much higher.
10. ^ Norwegian Institute of International Affairs: Centre for Russian Studies: 2002 census
11. ^ State Statistics Committee of Ukraine: 2001 census
12. ^ UNPO: Greek Minority in Albania
13. ^ Country Studies US: Greeks and Other Minorities
14. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: France: The Greek Community
15. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Brazil: The Greek Community
16. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Belgium: The Greek Community
17. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Argentina: The Greek Community
18. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Italy: The Greek Community
19. ^ Eurominority: Greeks in Georgia
20. ^ Glas Javnosti: Nama su samo Srbi braća
21. ^ Japan External Trade Organization: Institute of Developing Economies: Ethnodemographic situation in Kazakhstan
22. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Sweden: The Greek Community
23. ^ Central Asia – Caucasus analyst: Greeks in Uzbekistan
24. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Switzerland: The Greek Community
25. ^ ClubAfaceri: 2002 (Romanian) census
26. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Austria: The Greek Community
27. ^ "Ethnic Greeks of Istanbul convene", Athens News Agency, 2 July 2006. Additionally, there are 600,000 Greek-speaking people in Turkey according to the Columbia Encyclopedia [6], although this figure will certainly include Turkish-identifying Greek Muslims.
28. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: New Zealand: The Greek Community
29. ^ According to the Netherlands Statistical Service, quoted by: Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Netherlands: The Greek Community
30. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Egypt: The Greek Community
31. ^ United Nations Human Rights Website – Treaty Bodies Database – Document – Summary Record – Egypt
32. ^ Republic of Bulgaria: National Statistical Institute: 2001 census
33. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Bulgaria: The Greek Community
34. ^ Office of the Czech Republic Government: Report on the Situation of National Minorities in the Czech Republic in 2001
35. ^ According to the Association of Greek Communities in the Czech Republic quoted by the Office of the Czech Republic Government: Report on the Situation of National Minorities in the Czech Republic in 2001
36. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Moldova
37. ^ Hungarian Central Statistical Office: 2001 census
38. ^ Eurominority: Greeks in Hungary
39. ^ See Demographics of Poland
40. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Luxembourg: The Greek Community
41. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
42. ^ National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia: 2002 census
43. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Venezuela: The Greek Community
44. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Zimbabwe: The Greek Community
45. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Uruguay: The Greek Community
46. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Chile: The Greek Community
47. ^ Comunidad Helenica de Mexico: The Greek side of Mexico
48. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Uruguay: The Greek Community
49. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Kyrgyzstan: The Greek Community
50. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Denmark: The Greek Community
51. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Ethiopia: The Greek Community
52. ^ See Demographics of the Republic of Macedonia
53. ^ Johns Hopkins University Press: Victor Roudometof, Nationalism and Identity Politics in the Balkans: Greece and the Macedonian Question
54. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Jordan: The Greek Community
55. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Norway: The Greek Community
56. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Democratic Republic of Congo: The Greek Community
57. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Spain: The Greek Community
58. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Nigeria: The Greek Community
59. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Azerbaijan: The Greek Community
60. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Sudan: The Greek Community
61. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Azerbaijan: The Greek Community
62. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Lithuania: The Greek Community
63. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Malawi: The Greek Community
64. ^ Greeks around the Globe (they are quoting the statistics of the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad as on October 12, 2004)
65. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Peru: The Greek Community
66. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Portugal: The Greek Community
67. ^ Estonian Statistical Office: Estonia: The Greek Community
68. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Finland: The Greek Community
69. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Kuwait: The Greek Community
70. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Latvia: The Greek Community
71. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Japan: The Greek Community
72. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Bolivia: The Greek Community
73. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: China: The Greek Community
74. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Indonesia: The Greek Community
75. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Iran: The Greek Community
76. ^ Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia: Census of population, households and housing 2002
77. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Croatia: The Greek Community
78. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Singapore: The Greek Community
79. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Malta: The Greek Community
80. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Slovakia
81. ^ Hellenic Republic: Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Singapore: The Greek Community
External links
- General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad
- Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Popular International Greek diaspora blog
Greek}}}
Writing system: Greek alphabet
Official status
Official language of: Greece
Cyprus
European Union
recognised as minority language in parts of:
European Union
Italy
Turkey
Regulated by:
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Writing system: Greek alphabet
Official status
Official language of: Greece
Cyprus
European Union
recognised as minority language in parts of:
European Union
Italy
Turkey
Regulated by:
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17,000,000
Regions with significant populations
Greece [1]
United States
Cyprus
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Regions with significant populations
Greece [1]
United States
Cyprus
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A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city, usually having sovereignty. Historically, city-states have often been part of larger cultural areas, as in the city-states of ancient Greece (such as Athens, Sparta and Corinth), the Phoenician cities of Canaan (such as
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Mediterranean is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. It covers an approximate area of 2.
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Euxine Sea (Older name) redirects here.
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Regione Autonoma Siciliana
Map highlighting the location of Sicilia in Italy
Capital Palermo
President Salvatore Cuffaro
(UDC-CdL)
Provinces Agrigento
Caltanissetta
Catania
Enna
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Map highlighting the location of Sicilia in Italy
Capital Palermo
President Salvatore Cuffaro
(UDC-CdL)
Provinces Agrigento
Caltanissetta
Catania
Enna
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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)
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Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)
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Motto
"Plus Ultra" (Latin)
"Further Beyond"
Anthem
"Marcha Real" 1
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"Plus Ultra" (Latin)
"Further Beyond"
Anthem
"Marcha Real" 1
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Southern France (or the South of France), colloquially known as Le Midi, is a loosely defined geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Gironde, Spain, the Mediterranean Sea, Italy, and Switzerland south of the
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Alexander III, the Great
Basileus of Macedon, Hegemon of the Hellenic League, Shah of Persia, Pharaoh of Egypt
Alexander fighting Persian king Darius III. From Alexander Mosaic, from Pompeii, Naples, Museo Archeologico Nazionale.
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Basileus of Macedon, Hegemon of the Hellenic League, Shah of Persia, Pharaoh of Egypt
Alexander fighting Persian king Darius III. From Alexander Mosaic, from Pompeii, Naples, Museo Archeologico Nazionale.
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Middle East is a historical and political region of Africa-Eurasia with no clear boundaries. The term "Middle East" was popularized around 1900 in Britain, and has been criticized for its loose definition.
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Gumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
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Arab Republic of Egypt
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
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The Roman Empire is the name given to both the imperial domain developed by the city-state of Rome and also the corresponding phase of that civilization, characterized by an autocratic form of government. This article however is about the latter.
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A lingua franca (Italian literally meaning Frankish language, see etymology below) is any language widely used beyond the population of its native speakers. The de facto status of lingua franca
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Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Byzantine Empire or Byzantium is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople.
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Greek Orthodox Church (Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία Hellēnorthódoxē EkklēsÃa
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Heraclius
Byzantine Emperor
Heraclius and his sons Constantine III and Heraklonas
Reign October 5, 610 – February 11, 641
Coronation October 5, 610
Full name Flavius Heraclius Augustus
Born c.
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Byzantine Emperor
Heraclius and his sons Constantine III and Heraklonas
Reign October 5, 610 – February 11, 641
Coronation October 5, 610
Full name Flavius Heraclius Augustus
Born c.
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The Levant (IPA: /lə'vænt/) is an imprecise geographical term historically referring to a large area in the Middle East south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the west, and by the northern
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Greek War of Independence (1821–1829), also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Greek: Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi
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Mediterranean is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. It covers an approximate area of 2.
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Ville de Marseille
City flag Coat of arms
Motto: Actibus immensis urbs fulget Massiliensis.
"By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines"
Location
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City flag Coat of arms
Motto: Actibus immensis urbs fulget Massiliensis.
"By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines"
Location
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Motto
Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"
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Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"
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Country Italy
Region Tuscany
Province Livorno (LI)
Mayor Alessandro Cosimi
Area km
Population
- Total (as of December 30, 2004)
- Density /km
Time zone CET, UTC+1
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Region Tuscany
Province Livorno (LI)
Mayor Alessandro Cosimi
Area km
Population
- Total (as of December 30, 2004)
- Density /km
Time zone CET, UTC+1
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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)
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Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)
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Gumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
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Arab Republic of Egypt
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
..... Click the link for more information.
Anthem
Hymn of the Russian Federation
Capital
(and largest city) Moscow
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Hymn of the Russian Federation
Capital
(and largest city) Moscow
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The ODESSA, which stands for the German phrase Organisation der ehemaligen SS-Angehörigen, which phrase in turn translates as “Organization of Former Members of the SS,” is the name commonly given to an international Nazi
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Санкт-Петербург
Saint Petersburg
The English Embankment with Saint Isaac's Cathedral
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname
"Piter"
Location
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Saint Petersburg
The English Embankment with Saint Isaac's Cathedral
Flag Coat of arms
Nickname
"Piter"
Location
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Herod_Archelaus
