Greek Art

Information about Greek Art

This article is part of the series on: History of Greek art
Prehistoric Greece
Cycladic art - Minoan art - Mycenean art - Protogeometric Art - Geometric art
Art in Ancient Greece
Archaic Greek art - Classical Greek Art - Hellenistic Art - Greco-Buddhist art - Greek Art in Roman times
Medieval Greece
Byzantine art - Macedonian art
Post-Byzantine Greece
Art in Ottoman Greece - Cretan School - Heptanese School
Modern Greece
Art in modern Greece - Munich School Contemporary Greek Art

Greece has a rich and varied artistic history, spanning some 5000 years and beginning in the Cycladic and Minoan prehistorical civilization, giving birth to Western classical art in the ancient period (further developing this during the Hellenistic Period), to taking in the influences of Eastern civilizations and the new religion of Orthodox Christianity in the Byzantine era and absorbing Italian and European ideas during Romanticism period (with the invigoration of the Greek Revolution), right up until the Modernist and Postmodernist periods.

Byzantine Period

Main article: Byzantine Art

The most famous of the surviving Byzantine mosaics.

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire from about the 5th century until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. (The Roman Empire during this period is conventionally known as the Byzantine Empire.) The term can also be used for the art of states which were contemporary with the Byzantine Empire and shared a common culture with it, without actually being part of it, such as Bulgaria, Serbia or Russia, and also Venice, which had close ties to the Byzantine Empire despite being in other respects part of western European culture. It can also be used for the art of peoples of the former Byzantine Empire under the rule of the Ottoman Empire after 1453. In some respects the Byzantine artistic tradition has continued in Greece, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries to the present day^[1].

Byzantine art grew from the art of Ancient Greece, and at least before 1453 never lost sight of its classical heritage, but was distinguished from it in a number of ways. The most profound of these was that the humanist ethic of Ancient Greek art was replaced by the Christian ethic. If the purpose of classical art was the glorification of man, the purpose of Byzantine art was the glorification of God, and particularly of his son, Jesus.

In place of the nude, the figures of God the Father, and became the dominant - indeed almost exclusive - focus of Byzantine art. One of the most important forms of Byzantine art was, and still is, the icon: an image of Christ, the Virgin (particularly the Virgin and Child), or a saint, used as an object of veneration in Orthodox churches and private homes.

Modern Period

Main article: Art in modern Greece

Theodore Vryzakis, The sortie of Messologhi

Due to the Ottoman occupation of Greece there was very little artistic output during this time, so the birth of modern Greek Art began in defacto terms at the start of the 19th century (the end of the Greek War of Independence was in 1829) and took on board a number of Romanticism influences, most notably from Italy. The culmination of this was the distinctive style of Greek Romanticist art, inspired by revolutionary ideals as well as the particular geography and long history of the country. One of the major figure of the Modernist period is Fotis Kontoglou. His diverse contribution to Modern Greek Painting could be summarised into three manifestations. His creative painting work, which was based on the Byzantine technique; his hagiographic work, which brought orthodox painting back to our churches; and, finally, his teaching, either direct or - mainly - indirect, which was one of the strongest factors which altered the course of Modern Greek Painting towards the discovery of the pictorial but, also, of the more substantial spiritual values of the Greek traditions that they used when they were worshipping.

Contemporary Greek Art

Main article: Contemporary Greek Art

External links

References

1. ^ C. Mango, ed., The art of the Byzantine Empire, 312-1453: sources and documents (Englewood Cliffs, 1972)

• • [ e] Art of Europe
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¹ Entirely in West Asia; included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. ² Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia. ³ Partially in Asia. ⁴ Entirely in the African Plate, included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. ⁵ Only recognised by Turkey.

Cycladic art is the art and sculpture of the ancient Cycladic civilization, existing in the islands of the Aegean Sea from 3300 - 2000 BCE. Art mainly manifested itself in the form of marble idols, often used as offerings to the dead.
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The Minoan civilization was a bronze age civilization which arose on Crete, an island in the Aegean Sea. The Minoan culture flourished from approximately 2700 to 1450 BC; afterwards, Mycenaean Greek culture became dominant on Crete.
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Mycenaean Greece, the last phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece, is the historical setting of the epics of Homer and much other Ancient Greek literature and myth.
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The Protogeometric style is a pottery type associated with the Greek Dark Ages.

After the collapse of the Mycenaen-Minoan Palace culture and the ensuing Greek Dark Ages, the Protogeometric style emerged around the mid 11th century BCE as the first expression of a reviving
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Geometric Art is a phase of Greek art, characterised largely by geometric motives in vase painting, that flourished towards the end of the Greek Dark Ages, circa 900 BCE to 800 BCE. Its centre was in Athens, and it was diffused amongst the trading cities of the Aegean.
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Middle East
Ancient Egypt
Mesopotamia

Asia
India
China
Japan
Scythia

Etruscan
Celtic

Norse
Visigothic

Ancient Greece
Hellenistic
Rome

The art of ancient Greece
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''' The archaic period in Greece (750 BC–480BC) is one of the five periods of Ancient Greek history, defined on the basis of pottery styles.

Beginning in around 620 and ending in 480 the term is also used in a broader sense for a period spanning from 750 - 480.
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Classical Greece, the classical period of Ancient Greece, corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. (i.e. from the fall of the Athenian tyranny in 510 BC to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC).
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The art of the Hellenistic period has long been the victim of the relative disdain attached to the period. Cessavit deinde ars ("then art disappeared") remarks Pliny the Elder in his Natural History
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Greco-Buddhist art is the artistic manifestation of Greco-Buddhism, a cultural syncretism between the Classical Greek culture and Buddhism, which developed over a period of close to 1000 years in Central Asia, between the conquests of Alexander the Great in the 4th century
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Roman Greece is the period of Greek history (of the Greece proper as opposed to the other centers of Hellenism in the Roman world) following the Roman victory over the Corinthians at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC until the reestablishment of the city of Byzantium and the
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Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Eastern Roman Empire from about the 5th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. (The Roman Empire during this period is conventionally known as the Byzantine Empire.
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Macedonian art (sometimes called Macedonian Renaissance) was a period in Byzantine art which began with the reign of the Emperor Basil I of the Macedonian dynasty in 867.
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Most of Greece was part of the Ottoman Empire from the 14th century until its declaration of independence in 1821. The Ottoman Turks first crossed into Europe in 1354.
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The term Cretan School describes an important school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Venetian rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in
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The Heptanese School of painting (Greek: Επτανησιακή Σχολή, literally: The School of the seven islands also known as the
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Modern Greek Art is the term used to describe Greek art during the period between the emergence of the new independent Greek state and the 20th century. Mainland Greece being under the Ottoman rule for almost 4 centuries has naturally missed the Renaissance and the artistic
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The Munich School (Greek: (Σχολή του Μονάχου) or academic realism is the most important artistic movement of Greek Art in the 19th century with strong influences
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Contemporary Greek Art is defined as the art produced by Greek artists after World War II.

Painting-Sculpture

Abstract Expressionism

Theodoros Stamos (1922-1997) was a great abstract expressionism art from Lefkas that lived and worked in New York in the
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The CYCLADES packet switching network was an influential French network system in the early 1970s, similar to the ARPANET.

The CYCLADES network was the first to make the hosts responsible for the reliable delivery of data, rather than the network itself, using unreliable
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Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for classical antiquity, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seeks to emulate. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained. It can also refer to the other periods of classicism.
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The term Hellenistic (derived from Ἕλλην Héllēn, the Greeks' traditional self-described ethnic name) was established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen to refer to the spreading of
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The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:

The Oriental Orthodox Churches: the Eastern Christian churches adhering to the teachings of only the first three Ecumenical Councils (plus the Second Council of Ephesus).

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Byzantine Empire or Byzantium is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople.
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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)

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Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. Physically and geologically, Europe is the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, west of Asia. Europe is bounded to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Mediterranean Sea,
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Romanticism is an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated around the middle of the 18th century in Western Europe, during the Industrial Revolution. It was partly a revolt against aristocratic, social, and political norms of the Enlightenment period and a
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Greek War of Independence (1821–1829), also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Greek: Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi
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Modernism describes a series of reforming cultural movements in art and architecture, music, literature and the applied arts which emerged in the three decades before 1914.
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