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Information about Giovanni Antonio Scopoli

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Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (sometimes latinized as Johannes Antonius Scopoli) (June 3, 1723 – May 8, 1788) was an Italian-Austrian physician and naturalist.

Biography

Scopoli was born at Cavalese in the Val di Fiemme, the son of a lawyer. He obtained a degree in medicine at University of Innsbruck, and practiced as a doctor in Cavalese and Venice. Much of his time was spent collecting plants and insects in the Alps. He spent two years as private secretary to the Count of Seckan, and then was appointed as physician of the mercury mines in Idrija, a small town in western Slovenia, remaining there for sixteen years. In 1761 he published De Hydroargyro Idriensi Tentamina on the symptoms of mercury poisoning among miners.
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Copper engraving from the Deliciæ Floræ et Faunæ Insubricæ (1786).


Scopoli spent time studying the local natural history, publishing Flora Carniolica (1760) as well as a major work on entomology. He also published Anni Historico-Naturales (1769-72), which included descriptions of new birds from various collections.

In 1769 Scopoli was appointed a professor of chemistry and metallurgy at Mining Academy at Schemnitz (now Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia), and in 1777 transferred to the University of Pavia. His last work was Deliciae Flora et Fauna Insubricae (1786-88), which included scientific names for birds and mammals described by Pierre Sonnerat in the accounts of his voyages.

The plant alkaloid and drug Scopolamine is named after the genus Scopolia which is named after him. The standard botanical author abbreviation Scop. is applied to species he described.

Works

  • Flora Carniolica (1760) – a flora of Krain, Austria
  • De Hydroargyro Idriensi Tentamina (1761) -a medical work on the symptoms of mercury poisoning among miners.
  • Entomologia Carniolica Vindobonae,Trattner. (1763)- a major work on entomology containing many descriptions of new species.
  • Joh. Ant. Scopoli der Arzneywissenschaft Doktors, Ihro ... Majest. Cameralphysici in der Bergstadt Idria ... Einleitung zur Kenntniß und Gebrauch der Foßilien, Hartknoch4031 Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und UniversitätsbibliothekRiga (1769). In German. Doctoral Thesis.
  • Anni Historico-Naturales (1769-72) This work included descriptions of new birds.
  • Flora Carniolica exhibens plantas Carnioliae indigenas et distributas in classes, genera, species, varietates, ordine Linnaeano (1772). – A revised second edition of the first elaborate description of the flora of Krain, Austria, undertaken when Scopoli lived in Idrija. It has 66 engraved plates by J.F. Rein after original drawings by the Scopoli. Whereas the first edition of 1760 (with c. 600 pages only and not illustrated) had no binary names for the plant species, this edition has binary names and is written in the Linnaean tradition in all other respects as well.
  • Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Prague. (1777) – masterwork of natural history describing world genera and species.
  • Fundamenta Botanica Praelectionibus publicis accomodata. Papiae, S. Salvatoris (1783)- A botanical classic with ten engraved plates each depicting ten to sixteen exact drawings.
  • With Pierre Joseph Macquer, - Dizionario di chimica del Sig. Pietro Giuseppe Macquer…Tradotto dal francese e corredato di note e di nuovi articoli... Pavia: printed at the Monastery of San Salvatore for G. Bianchi (1783-84) -The chemist Joseph Macquer's Dictionnaire de chymie, the first dictionary of theoretical and general chemistry was written it in haste and concerned about his reputation, Macquer published it anonymously in 1766. Its huge success prompted the preparation of a revised second edition (1778). Then Scopoli translated and extensively augmented it. A second edition of the translated work, without fuurther additions was published in Venice in 1784-85.
  • Deliciae Flora et Fauna Insubricae Ticini (1786-88) – an account including new descriptions of the birds and mammals collected by Pierre Sonnerat on his voyages.
The standard author abbreviation Scopoli is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.

Insects named by Scopoli

Battus 1777 – Swallowtail butterfly (Papilionidae) genus, South America

Rhagonycha fulva 1763 Soldier beetle (Cantharidae), Europe

Sargus bipunctatus 1763 Soldier Fly species (Diptera), Europe

Megabombus pascuorum 1763 Bumble bee species (Hymenoptera), Europe

Aphis fabae 1763 Bean Aphid Hemiptera Worldwide

Ordo Proboscidea 1763 Thrips, cicadas and Hemiptera- a major grouping proposed in Entomologia Carniolica

External links

References

  • Full list of biographies given by Gaedike, R. & Groll, E.K. eds. 2001 Entomologen der Welt (Biographien, Sammlungsverbleib). Datenbank, DEI Eberswalde im ZALF e.V
  • Baker, D.B. 1999. The localities of Scopoli’s Entomologia Carniolica (1763) Entomologist’s Gazette, 50: 188-198.
  • A Concise History of Ornithology, Michael Walters ISBN 1-873403-97-6
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Events

  • 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo

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Anthem
Il Canto degli Italiani
(also known as Fratelli d'Italia)


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Anthem
Land der Berge, Land am Strome   (German)
Land of Mountains, Land on the River
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physician applies to a person who practices some type of medicine. Such medical practitioners are concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury, through both an area of knowledge
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Natural history or (in Latin) Naturalis Historia is the scientific study of plants or animals.

Natural History may also refer to:

In science and medicine:
  • Natural History (Pliny), Naturalis Historia

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Country Italy
Region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Province Trento (TN)
Mayor

Area km
Population
 - Total
 - Density /km
Time zone CET, UTC+1
Coordinates
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Val di Fiemme, German: Fleimstal, is a valley in the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region in northern Italy located in the Dolomites mountain region.

The valley is comosed by the comuni of:
  • Valfloriana
  • Capriana
  • Anterivo

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For the fish called "lawyer", see .
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person licensed to practice law.
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Medicine is the science and "" of maintaining and/or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of patients. The term is derived from the Latin ars medicina meaning the art of healing.
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University of Innsbruck [2] , Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck in German, has been a university since 1669. It is currently the largest education facility in the Austrian Bundesland of Tirol and third largest in Austria according to student population, behind
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Country Italy
Region Veneto
Province Venice (VE)
Mayor Massimo Cacciari (since April 18 2005)

Area km
Population
 - Total (as of January 1 2004)
 - Density /km
Time zone
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Plantae
Haeckel, 1866[1]

Divisions

Green algae
  • Chlorophyta
  • Charophyta
Land plants (embryophytes)
  • Non-vascular land plants (bryophytes)

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Insecta
Linnaeus, 1758

Orders
Subclass Apterygota
* Archaeognatha (bristletails)
* Thysanura (silverfish)
Subclass Pterygota
* Infraclass Paleoptera (Probably paraphyletic)

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ALPS can refer to:
  • Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
  • The Airport Logistics Park of Singapore




Countries Austria, France,
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2, 1
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.00 (scale Pauling)
Ionization energies 1st: 1007.1 kJ/mol
2nd: 1810 kJ/mol
3rd: 3300 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 150 pm
Atomic radius (calc.
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Občina Idrija

Area: 293.7 km²
Population 11,990
 - males 5,885
 - females 6,105
Mayor: Bojan Sever
Average age: 35.58 years
Residential areas: 29.
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Motto
none
Anthem
7th stanza of Zdravljica
"A Toast"


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Aves
Linnaeus, 1758

Orders

About two dozen - see section below

Birds (class Aves) are bipedal, warm-blooded, egg-laying vertebrate animals.
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University of Pavia (Italian: Università degli Studi di Pavia, UNIPV) is a university located in Pavia, Italy. It was founded in 1361 and is organized in 9 Faculties.

History

The University of Pavia is one of the oldest universities in Europe.
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Pierre Sonnerat (August 18, 1748 – March 31, 1814) was a French naturalist and explorer.

Sonnerat was the nephew of the botanist Pierre Poivre. He made several voyages to southeast Asia, visiting the Philippines and Moluccas between 1769 and 1772, and India and China
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alkaloid is, strictly speaking, a naturally occurring amine produced by a plant, but amines produced by animals and fungi are also called alkaloids[1]. Many alkaloids have pharmacological effects on humans and other animals.
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drug, broadly speaking, is a substance used as a medicine or narcotic.[1] There is no single, precise definition, as there are different meanings in medicine, government regulations, and colloquial usage.[2]

In pharmacology, Dictionary.
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Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshades), such as henbane or jimson weed (Datura species). It is among the secondary metabolites of these plants.
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Scopolia
Lam.

Species

Scopolia carniolica
Scopolia japonica
Scopolia lutescens
Scopolia parviflora
Scopolia tangutica

Scopolia
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species is one of the basic units of biological classification. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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Krain is either
  • the original German name of Carniola, a historical region and duchy of Austria in today's Slovenia; or
  • a township in Minnesota, USA. See Krain Township, Minnesota

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Pierre Joseph Macquer (1718–1784) was an influential French chemist.

He is known for his Dictionnaire de chymie (1766). He was also involved in practical applications, to medicine and industry, such as the French development of porcelain.
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