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Information about General Visceral Afferent Fibers

Scheme showing structure of a typical spinal nerve.
1. Somatic efferent.
2. Somatic afferent.
3,4,5. Sympathetic efferent.
6,7. Sympathetic afferent.
subject #190 849
The general visceral afferent fibers (or sympathetic afferent fibers), conduct sensory impulses from the viscera through the rami communicantes and posterior roots to the spinal cord.

They are probably limited to the white rami connected with the spinal nerves in two groups, viz., the first thoracic to the second lumbar and the second sacral to the fourth sacral nerves.

Examples of nerves containing GVA fibers include the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve. [1]

See also

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

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Histology: nervous tissue
Neurons (gray matter)soma, axon (axon hillock, axoplasm, axolemma, neurofibril/neurofilament), dendrite (Nissl body, dendritic spine)
types (bipolar, pseudounipolar, multipolar, pyramidal, Purkinje, granule)
Afferent nerve/Sensory nerve/Sensory neuronGSA, GVA, SSA, SVA, fibers Ia, Ib or Golgi, II or Aβ, III or Aδ or fast pain, IV or C or slow pain
Efferent nerve/Motor nerve/Motor neuronGSE, GVE, SVE, Upper motor neuron, Lower motor neuron (Aα motorneuron, Aγ motorneuron)
Synapsesneuropil, synaptic vesicle, neuromuscular junction, electrical synapse - Interneuron (Renshaw)
Sensory receptorsFree nerve ending, Meissner's corpuscle, Merkel nerve ending, Muscle spindle, Pacinian corpuscle, Ruffini ending, Olfactory receptor neuron, Photoreceptor cell, Hair cell, Taste bud
Glial cellsastrocyte, oligodendrocyte, ependymal cells, microglia, radial glia
Myelination (white matter)Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte, nodes of Ranvier, internode, Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, neurolemma
Related connective tissuesepineurium, perineurium, endoneurium, nerve fascicle, meninges

References

1. ^ Mehta, Samir et al. Step-Up: A High-Yield, Systems-Based Review for the USMLE Step 1. Baltimore, MD: LWW, 2003.
The somatic efferent neurons (GSE, 'somatomotor, or somatic motor fibers), arise from motor neuron cell bodies in the ventral horns of the gray matter within the spinal cord.
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The general somatic afferent fibers (GSA, or somatic sensory fibers), afferent fibers, arise from cells in the spinal ganglia and are found in all the spinal nerves, except occasionally the first cervical, and conduct impulses of pain, touch and temperature from the
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The general visceral efferent fibers (GVE or sympathetic efferent fibers), probably arise from cells in the lateral column or the base of the anterior column and emerge through the anterior roots and white rami communicantes.
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Rami communicans (plural rami communicantes) is the term used for a nerve which connects two other nervers.

When used without further definition, it almost always refers to a communicating branch between a spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk.
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In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve.

At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root.
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The thoracic, and the first and second lumbar nerves each contribute a branch, white ramus communicans to the adjoining sympathetic ganglion.

They contain myelinated preganglionic sympathetic fibers (GVE and GVA).
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The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves.
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The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves. It exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.
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The vagus nerve (also called pneumogastric nerve or cranial nerve X) is the tenth of twelve paired cranial nerves, and is the only nerve that starts in the brainstem (within the medulla oblongata) and extends, through the jugular foramen, down below the head, to the
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afferent neurons--otherwise known as sensory or receptor neurons--carry nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs toward the central nervous system. This is the case vice versa as well. This term can also be used to describe relative connections between structures.
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Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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Histology (from the Greek ἱστός) is the study of tissue sectioned as a thin slice, using a microtome. It can be described as microscopic anatomy.
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Nervous tissue is the fourth major class of vertebrate tissue. The function of the nervous tissue is in communication between parts of the body. It is composed of neurons, which transmit impulses, and the neuroglia, which assist propagation of the nerve impulse as well as provide
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Neurons (also known as neurones and nerve cells) are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information. In vertebrate animals, neurons are the core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
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"Gray Matter"
Author Stephen King
Language English
Genre(s) Horror, science fiction
Published in Cavalier (1st release) ,
Night Shift,
Arbour House Necropolis
Publication type Magazine
Media type Print
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The soma, or perikaryon, is the bulbous end of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus. It is also known as the cell body. The word soma is Greek, meaning "body"; the soma of a neuron is often called the "cell body".
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axon or nerve fiber, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body or soma.

Anatomy


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Axon Hillock is the anatomical part of a neuron that connects the cell body called soma (biology) to the axon. It is attributed as the place where Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials (IPSPs) and Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (EPSPs) from numerous synaptic inputs on the
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Axoplasm is the cytoplasm within the axon of a neuron. Neural processes (axons and dendrites) contain about 99.6% of the cell’s cytoplasm, and 99.7% of that is in the axons (Sabry et al., 1995).
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The axolemma is the membrane of a neuron's axon. It is responsible for maintaining the cell's membrane potential, and it contains channels through which ions can flow. This changes the voltage inside the axon and can depolarize or hyperpolarize the cell.
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Identifiers
Symbol NEFH

Entrez 4744
HUGO 7737
OMIM 162230

RefSeq NM_021076
UniProt P12036
Other data

Locus Chr. 22 q12.1-13.
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For the dendritic crystal structure, see .


Dendrites (from Greek dendron, “tree”) are the branched projections of a neuron that act to conduct the electrical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or
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Nissl body (or Nissl granule or tigroid body) is a large granular body found in nerve cells. It was named after Franz Nissl, German neurologist (1860-1919).
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A dendritic spine is a small (sub-micrometre) membranous extrusion that protrudes from a dendrite and forms one half of a synapse. Typically spines have a bulbous head (the spine head) which is connected to the parent dendrite through a thin spine neck.
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A bipolar cell is a type of neuron which has two extensions. Bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of special senses. As such, they are part of the sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing and vestibular functions.
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A pseudounipolar neuron (pseudo - false, uni - one) is a sensory neuron in the peripheral nervous system. This neuron contains a long dendrite and a short axon that connects to the spinal cord.
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A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single (usually long) axon and many dendrites, allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons. These dendritic branches can also emerge from the nerve cell body.
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Location Cortex esp. Layers III and V
Function excitatory projection neuron
Neurotransmitter Glutamate
Morphology Multipolar Pyramidal
Presynaptic connections Superficial cortical layers
Postsynaptic connections Varies (see text)
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Location Cerebellum
Function inhibitory projection neuron

Morphology flat dendritc arbor
Presynaptic connections Parallel fibers and Climbing fibers
Postsynaptic connections Cerebellar deep nuclei

Purkinje cells (or
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