Information about Gaseous Fire Suppression
)
Canisters containing Argon gas for use in extinguishing fire in a server room without damaging equipment
Less typically, the agent may be delivered by means of solid propellant gas generators that produce either inert or chemically active gas.
Theory behind gaseous fire suppression
There are four means used by the agents to extinguish a fire. They act on the "Fire tetrahedron":- Reduction or isolation of fuel
- No agents currently use this as the primary means of fire suppression.
- Reduction of heat
- Representative agents: Novec 1230.
- Reduction or isolation of oxygen
- Representative agents: Argonite / IG-55, Carbon Dioxide, Inergen™, and NN100.
- Inhibiting the chain reaction of the above components
- Representative agents: FE-13, FE-227, FE-241, FE-25, FE-36, FM-200, Halons, Halon 1301, Freon 13T1, NAF P-IV, NAF S-III, and Triodide™ (Trifluoroiodomethane).
Application
Broadly speaking, there are two methods for applying an extinguishing agent: total flooding and local application.Systems working on a total flooding principle apply an extinguishing agent to a three dimensional enclosed space in order to achieve a concentration of the agent (volume percent of the agent in air) adequate to extinguish the fire. These types of systems may be operated automatically by detection and related controls or manually by the operation of a system actuator.
Systems working on a local application principle apply an extinguishing agent directly onto a fire (usually a two dimensional area), or into the three dimensional region immediately surrounding the substance or object on fire. The main difference in local application from total flooding design is the absence of physical barriers enclosing the fire space.
In the context of automatic extinguishing systems, local application does normally not refer to the use of manually operated wheeled or portable fire extinguishers, although the nature of the agent delivery is similar.
Safety Precautions
Systems using certain agents, such as carbon dioxide, in enclosed spaces presents a risk of suffocation. Numerous incidents have occurred where individuals in these spaces have been killed by carbon dioxide agent release. To prevent such occurrences, additional life safety systems are typically installed with a warning alarm that precedes the agent release. The warning, usually an aural and visible alert, advises the immediate evacuation of the enclosed space. After a preset time, the agent starts to discharge. Accidents have also occurred during maintenance of these systems, so proper safety precautions must be taken beforehand.[1]See also
External links
| General: Active fire protection — Fire alarm system Fire suppression: Fire extinguisher — Fire sand bucket — Fire sprinkler — Gaseous fire suppression Detection/alarm: Control panel — Heat detector — Pull station — Notification appliance — Smoke detector Practices: Fire drill — Fire drill regulations | ){kind=tracking} ) |
Gas is one of the four major states of matter, consisting of freely moving atoms or molecules without a definite shape. Compared to the solid and liquid states of matter a gas has lower density and a lower viscosity.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Fire is an oxidation process that releases energy in varying intensities in the form of light (with wavelengths also outside the visual spectrum) and heat and often creates smoke. It is commonly used to describe either a fuel in a state of combustion (e.g.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A propellant is a material that is used to move an object by applying a motive force. This may or may not involve a chemical reaction. It may be a gas, liquid, plasma, or, before the chemical reaction, a solid.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A gas generator usually refers to a propellant mixture, often similar to a solid rocket propellant, that burns to produce large volumes of gas. It is similar to a rocket propellant, but is usually designed to produce large volumes of cool gas, instead of maximizing the energy
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Novec 1230 fluid, (also known as "Dry Water" and "Waterless Water"), is an environmentally friendly Halon replacement for gaseous fire suppression manufactured by 3M. It is generally used in situations where water from a fire sprinkler would damage expensive equipment or where
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Argonite is the name-brand (a registered trademark owned by Ginge-Kerr) for a mixture of 50% argon (Ar) and 50% nitrogen (N2). It is an inert gas used in gaseous fire suppression systems.
Inergen is a similar product.
..... Click the link for more information.
Inergen is a similar product.
..... Click the link for more information.
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Inergen is a blend of inert atmospheric gases that contains 52% nitrogen, 40% argon, 8% carbon dioxide. It is considered a clean agent for use in gaseous fire suppression applications. Inergen does not contain halocarbons, and has no ozone depletion potential. It is non-toxic.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
FE-13 is the DuPont trade name for Fluoroform, when it is used as a gaseous fire suppression agent.
..... Click the link for more information.
External links
- MSDS
- Kidde Fire Systems FE-13 Systems
..... Click the link for more information.
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, also called heptafluoropropane, HFC-227 or HFC-227ea (ISO name), is a colourless odourless gaseous halocarbon. It is commonly used as a gaseous fire suppression agent.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, also called heptafluoropropane, HFC-227 or HFC-227ea (ISO name), is a colourless odourless gaseous halocarbon. It is commonly used as a gaseous fire suppression agent.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of chemical compounds, consisting of alkanes, such as methane or ethane, with one or more halogens linked, such as chlorine or fluorine, making them a type of organic halide.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Bromotrifluoromethane, also known by the trade name Halon 1301, is an organic halide with the chemical formula CBrF3.
Property Value
Critical temperature (Tc) 66.9 °C (340.
..... Click the link for more information.
Table of physical properties
Property Value
Critical temperature (Tc) 66.9 °C (340.
..... Click the link for more information.
Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF3I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF3) in unoccupied areas [1] .
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF3I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF3) in unoccupied areas [1] .
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, also known by the trade name Halon 1211, or BCF, or Halon 1211 BCF, or Freon 12B1
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Bromotrifluoromethane, also known by the trade name Halon 1301, is an organic halide with the chemical formula CBrF3.
Property Value
Critical temperature (Tc) 66.9 °C (340.
..... Click the link for more information.
Table of physical properties
Property Value
Critical temperature (Tc) 66.9 °C (340.
..... Click the link for more information.
Fire protection is the prevention and reduction of the hazards associated with fires. It involves the study of the behaviour, compartmentalisation, suppression and investigation of fire and its related emergencies as well as the research and development, production, testing and
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Active fire protection (AFP) is an installed fire protection system that detects and/or suppresses structural fires. Typical systems include fire sprinklers, which automatically release water to suppress a fire when a release mechanism is activated by heat, and fire detection
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A fire alarm system is an active fire protection system that detects fire or the effects of fire, and as a result provides one or more of the following: notifies the occupants, notifies persons in the surrounding area, summons the fire service, and controls all the fire alarm
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A fire extinguisher is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergency situations. Typically, a fire extinguisher consists of a handheld cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent which can be discharged to extinguish a fire.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A fire sand bucket or fire bucket is a bucket filled with sand which is used to put out fires. They are often kept next to ovens, barbecues, and other areas where fires can occur. Because oil fires are resistant to water, a fire sand bucket is used.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
fire sprinkler is the part of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined temperature has been reached.
..... Click the link for more information.
History
In the 1870s, the Parmelee sprinkler head was introduced in the United States...... Click the link for more information.
fire alarm control panel, also referred to as a fire alarm panel or FACP, normally referred to as a panel within the active fire protection industry, is a central control device for detecting, reporting and acting on occurrences of fires within a building.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
heat detector is a device that detects heat and can be either electrical or mechanical in operation. The most common types are the thermocouple and the electro-pneumatic, both respond to changes in ambient temperature.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A fire alarm pull station is an active fire protection device, usually wall-mounted, that, when activated, initiates an alarm on a fire alarm system. In its simplest form, the user activates the alarm by pulling the handle down, which completes a circuit and locks the
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
fire alarm notification appliance is an active fire protection component. A notification appliance may use audible, visible, tactile or olfactory stimuli to alert the occupants of a fire or other emergency condition requiring action.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
A smoke detector or smoke alarm is a device that detects smoke and issues an alarm to alert nearby people that there is a potential fire. A household smoke detector will typically be mounted in a disk shaped plastic enclosure about 150mm in diameter and 25mm thick, but the
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus
