Information about French Alphabet
The French alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet. It uses the standard 26 letters. The words in the column "Letter name in French" are sometimes used when discussing the letters (compare English words such as "aitch").
Letter names
Letter Letter name Pronunciation Spelling A /ɑ/ a B /be/ bé C /se/ cé D /de/ dé E /ə/ e F /ɛf/ effe G /ʒe/ gé H /aʃ/ ache I /i/ i J /ʒi/ ji K /ka/ ka L /ɛl/ elle M /ɛm/ emme N /ɛn/ enne O /o/ o P /pe/ pé Q /ky/ qu R /ɛʁ/ erre S /ɛs/ esse T /te/ té U /y/ u V /ve/ vé W /dublə ve/ double vé X /iks/ ixe Y /igʁɛk/ i grec Z /zɛd/ zède Ligatures
Special ligatures exist for some words:- œ (œil, fœtus, bœuf...)
- æ (et cætera, tænia, ex æquo...)
Notes
- 'W' and 'K' are rarely used except in loan words or regional words, 'ou' is used to represent the /w/ sound;
- vowels are A, E, I, O, U, sometimes Y;
- semi-vowels are Y, rarely W (except regionally, for instance in Belgium);
- usual diacritic marks are acute ( ´ ), grave ( ` ), circonflexe ( ˆ ), diaeresis (called tréma in French) ( ¨ ), and the cedilla ( ¸ ). The most frequent combinations are: à â ç é è ê ë î ï ô û ù ü ÿ. Diacritics have no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
- the tilde diacritical mark ( ˜ ), used only above n, is occasionally used with the French alphabet, for well-known words or terms of Spanish origin that have been incorporated in the language (El Niño, cañon, ...) even though they also have an alternate orthography (with "gn" or "ny" instead of "-ñ-"). Like the other diacritics, the tilde has no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
Two systems of letter names
Many 19th-century French dictionaries mention a second system of naming the consonant letters, called "la nouvelle épellation" as opposed to the "épellation traditionelle" mentioned above. In this system, the consonant letters were read as follows: be, ke, de, fe, gue, he, je, ke, le, me, ne, pe, ke, re, se, te, ve, we, kse, ze. Although it is more phonetically based than the traditional system, "la nouvelle épellation" never took hold (Grevisse 1980).See also
References
- ^ Grevisse, Maurice (1980). Le Bon Usage: Grammaire française avec des Remarques sur la langue française d'aujourd'hui, 11th ed., Paris-Gembloux: Duculot. ISBN 2-8011-0242-3.
External links
- French alphabet and pronunciation with native sound
- Simple French pronunciation of alphabet and rules
Latin alphabet
Child systems Numerous: see Alphabets derived from the Latin
Sister systems Cyrillic
Coptic
Armenian
Runic/Futhark
Unicode range See Latin characters in Unicode
ISO 15924 Latn
Note
..... Click the link for more information.International Phonetic Alphabet
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
Extended IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English The
..... Click the link for more information.Unicode is an industry standard allowing computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in any of the world's writing systems. Developed in tandem with the Universal Character Set standard and published in book form as The Unicode Standard
..... Click the link for more information.International Phonetic Alphabet
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.
The International
Phonetic Alphabet
History
Nonstandard symbols
Extended IPA
Naming conventions
IPA for English The
..... Click the link for more information.A is the first letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is a[1] (IPA: /eɪ/), plural aes, as, or a's.
..... Click the link for more information.B is the second letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled bee or occasionally be (IPA: /biː/), plural bees.
..... Click the link for more information.C in copyright mark]]- This article is about the letter. For other uses, see C (disambiguation).
- For technical reasons, C# redirects here.
..... Click the link for more information.- For the emoticon :D'', see Emoticon. (For technical reasons, :D brings you here.)
Basic Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd
Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj
Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp
Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv
Ww Xx Yy Zz
..... Click the link for more information.E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled e (IPA: /iː/), plural es or ees (also written E's, Es, e's, etc.).
..... Click the link for more information.F is the sixth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled ef (IPA: /ɛf/), or eff when used as a verb.
..... Click the link for more information.G is the seventh letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled gee or occasionally ge (IPA /dʒiː/).
..... Click the link for more information.H is the eighth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled aitch,[1] pronounced IPA /eɪtʃ/ in most dialects, though in Irish and Indian English it is generally haitch
..... Click the link for more information.I is the ninth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is i [aɪ].History
Egyptian hieroglyph ˁ Proto-Semitic Y Phoenician Y Etruscan I Greek Iota
..... Click the link for more information.J is the tenth letter in the modern Latin alphabet; it was the last of the 26 letters to be added. Its name in English is jay IPA: /dʒeɪ/.
..... Click the link for more information.K is the eleventh letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled kay (IPA /keɪ/).[1]History and usage
..... Click the link for more information.L is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is el (IPA: /ɛl/).[1]History
The letter L
..... Click the link for more information.M is the thirteenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled em (IPA: /ɛm/).[1]History
The letter M
..... Click the link for more information.N is the fourteenth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled en (IPA: /ɛn/).[1]History of the form
..... Click the link for more information.O is the fifteenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled o (IPA /oʊ/), plural oes.
..... Click the link for more information.P is the sixteenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled pee or occasionally pe (IPA: /piː/)[1].
..... Click the link for more information.Q is the seventeenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled cue (IPA: /kju/).[1]History
Egyptian hieroglyph wj Phoenician Q Etruscan Q Greek Qoppa
..... Click the link for more information.R is the eighteenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled ar (IPA: /ɑr/: [ɑː]
..... Click the link for more information.S is the nineteenth letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled ess or occasionally es (IPA: /ɛs/), generally es- when part of a compound word, plural esses.
..... Click the link for more information.T is the twentieth letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled tee or occasionally te (IPA: /tiː/).
..... Click the link for more information.U is the twenty-first letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled u (IPA: /juː/).
..... Click the link for more information.V is the twenty-second letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled vee or occasionally ve (IPA: /viː/).
..... Click the link for more information.W is the twenty-third letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled double-u.[1] Along with Y, it is one of two letters to serve as a representation for both vowel and consonant sounds.
..... Click the link for more information.X is the twenty-fourth letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled ex (IPA: /ɛks/),[1] plural exes.
..... Click the link for more information.Y is the twenty-fifth letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is spelled wye or occasionally wy (IPA: /waɪ/), plural wyes.
..... Click the link for more information.Z is the twenty-sixth and final letter of the modern Latin alphabet.
In many dialects of English, the letter's name is zed (IPA: /zɛd/), reflecting its derivation from the Greek zeta (see below).
..... Click the link for more information.
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