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Information about Fossa Ovalis (thigh)

The fossa ovalis.
Front of right thigh, showing surface markings for bones, femoral artery and femoral nerve. (Fossa ovalis visible at upper right.)
Latinhiatus saphenus, fossa ovalis femoris
subject #128 469
Dorlands/Elsevier h_11/12422064
For the structure in the heart, see Fossa ovalis.
At the upper and medial part of the thigh, a little below the medial end of the inguinal ligament, is a large oval-shaped aperture in the fascia lata called the saphenous opening (or saphenous hiatus, or fossa ovalis femoris).

It transmits the great saphenous vein, and other, smaller vessels.

The fascia cribrosa, which is pierced by the structures passing through the opening, closes the aperture and must be removed to expose it.

Additional images


The great saphenous vein and its tributaries at the fossa ovalis.


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General anatomy of lower limbs
Buttocks and Thigh
Cnemis (anatomic leg)
Foot
Latin}}} 
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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Fossa ovalis ("oval opening") can refer to:
  • Fossa ovalis (heart)
  • Fossa ovalis (thigh)

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In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.

The single bone in the thigh is called the femur.
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The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients.

It forms the base of the inguinal canal which is the place from where the inguinal hernia develops.
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The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. It is an investment for the whole of the thigh, but varies in thickness in different parts.

Thus, it is thicker in the upper and lateral part of the thigh, where it receives a fibrous expansion from the Glutæus maximus, and
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The great saphenous vein, also greater saphenous vein, is the large (subcutaneous) superficial vein of the leg and thigh.

Path

It originates from where the dorsal vein of the first digit (the large toe) merges with the dorsal venous arch of the foot.
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eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely, two medical doctors. It was sold to WebMD in January 2006.
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Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.[1] It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.[1]
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In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis.[1] The largest bone in the human body, the femur, is in the leg.
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In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.

The single bone in the thigh is called the femur.
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The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients.

It forms the base of the inguinal canal which is the place from where the inguinal hernia develops.
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The obturator membrane is a thin fibrous sheet, which almost completely closes the obturator foramen.

Its fibers are arranged in interlacing bundles mainly transverse in direction; the uppermost bundle is attached to the obturator tubercles and completes the obturator canal
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The femoral ring is the base of the femoral canal. It is directed upward and is oval in form, its long diameter being directed transversely and measuring about 1.25 cm.
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femoral canal, and contains some lymphatic vessels and a lymph gland imbedded in a small amount of areolar tissue. The femoral canal is conical and measures about 1.25 cm. in length.
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The femoral sheath (crural sheath) is formed by a prolongation downward, behind the inguinal ligament, of the fasciæ which line the abdomen, the transversalis fascia being continued down in front of the femoral vessels and the iliac fascia behind them.
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The femoral triangle (of Scarpa) is an anatomical region of the upper inner human thigh.

Boundaries

It is bounded by:
  • (superiorly) the inguinal ligament
  • (medially) the adductor longus muscle border) (medial border)

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The adductor canal (Subsartorial/Hunter’s canal) is an aponeurotic tunnel in the middle third of the thigh, extending from the apex of the femoral triangle to the opening in the Adductor magnus, the Adductor hiatus.
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The adductor hiatus is the termination of the adductor canal at the knee, in the adductor magnus.

The femoral artery and femoral vein pass through the hiatus in adductor magnus. After they do, they are called the popliteal artery and popliteal vein.
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The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. It is an investment for the whole of the thigh, but varies in thickness in different parts.

Thus, it is thicker in the upper and lateral part of the thigh, where it receives a fibrous expansion from the Glutæus maximus, and
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The iliotibial tract (iliotibial band) is a superficial band of fascia covering the thigh. It is a downward continuation of the Fascia lata.

It is attached to the lateral condyle of the tibia.
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fascial compartments, and are formed by tough connective tissue septa. These compartments usually have a separate nerve and blood supply to their neighbours. The muscles in each compartment will often all be supplied by the same nerve.
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The anterior fascial compartment of thigh contains the knee extensors and hip flexors:
  • sartorius (the longest muscle in the human body)
  • quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
  • articularis genu

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The medial fascial compartment of thigh contains the hip adductors:
  • gracilis
  • pectineus
  • adductor brevis
  • adductor longus
  • adductor magnus
The obturator nerve supplies the hip adductors in this compartment.
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The posterior fascial compartment of the thigh contains the knee flexors and hip extensors:
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
The muscles here (except for the short head of the biceps femoris) are the hamstrings.
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The Cnemis is the section of the human leg located between the knee and the ankle.


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The popliteal fossa is a space or shallow depression located at the back of the knee-joint.

The bones of the popliteal fossa are the femur and the tibia.

Boundaries

The boundaries of the fossa are:

superior and medial:
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The calf or gastrosoleus is a pair of muscles—the gastrocnemius and soleus—at the back of the lower human leg.

The gastrosoleus complex is connected to the foot through the Achilles tendon, and contract to induce plantar flexion and stabilization of the
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tibia is the larger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

In humans

The tibia or shin bone, in human anatomy, is found medial (towards the middle) and anterior (towards the front) to the other such bone, the fibula.
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