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Information about Fortified Wine

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A glass of port, one of the most popular fortified wines.
A fortified wine is a wine to which additional alcohol has been added, the most common additive being brandy (a spirit distilled from wine).

The original reason for fortification was to preserve wines, as the higher alcohol level and additional sweetness help to preserve the wine (when supplemental alcohol is added before fermentation finishes, it kills the yeast and leaves residual sugar). Even though other preservation methods exist, the fortification process survives, as consumers have developed tastes for wines preserved this way.

Common fortified wines include: Fortified wines must be distinguished from spirits made from wine. While both have increased alcohol content, spirits are the result of a process of distillation, while fortified wines have spirits added to them. Fortified wines generally have an alcohol content between that of wines and spirits.

Fortified wines are legally called dessert wines in the U.S. but are called liqueur wines in Europe. In UK legislation they are called fortified wines except where the EU insists on the use of "liqueur wine".

American "Dessert" Wines

Fortified wines of minimal price and quality have a reputation as the intoxicant of choice among the underage and poor; in the United States they are often known as "bum wines", due to their perceived association with the homeless. They are typically fortified with grape alcohol. The most popular U.S. brand name beverages typically included in this category are Thunderbird, MD 20/20, Cisco, Night Train, and Wild Irish Rose. Buckfast Tonic Wine, Boone's Farm and Ripple have similar reputations, though Ripple is no longer produced. Typical ingredients include added sugars, artificial colorings and flavorings. Most such wines have harsh flavors and are not favored by more typical wine drinkers.
See also: Pruno

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Wines
 •  • [ e]
Wine styles:Red/White • Ros/Blush • Sparkling • Dessert • Fortified • Fruit • Ice Wine
Notable
varietals:		White
Albario • Chardonnay • Chenin blanc • Gewrztraminer • Muscat • Pinot blanc • Pinot gris • Riesling • Sauvignon blanc • Smillon • Viognier		Red
Aglianico • Cabernet Franc • Cabernet Sauvignon • Carmenre • Dolcetto • Gamay • Grenache • Malbec • Merlot • Nebbiolo • Barbera • Petite Sirah/Durif • Petit Verdot • Pinot Noir • Pinotage • Sangiovese • Syrah/Shiraz • Tempranillo • Zinfandel
Notable
regionals:		Amarone • Asti • Barbera d'Asti • Barolo • Barossa • Beaujolais • Bordeaux • Burgundy • Chablis • Champagne • Chianti • Commandaria • Do • Egri Bikavr • Madeira • Marsala • Mosel • Muscadet • Port • Retsina • Rheingau • Rheinhessen • Rhne • Rioja • Sancerre • Sauternes • Sherry • Tokaji • Valpolicella • Vermouth • Vinho Verde • Vouvray
See also: Glossary of wine terms • List of grape varieties • List of wine-producing regions • List of wine producing countries • Polyphenol • Varietal • Wine accessory • Wine grapes • Winemaking
Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of grape juice.[1] The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients.
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Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound, and is best known as the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages.
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Brandy (short for brandywine, from Dutch brandewijn—'burnt wine'[1]) is a general term for distilled wine, usually 40–60% ethyl alcohol by volume. In addition to wine, this spirit can also be made from grape pomace or fermented fruit juice.
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Ascomycota (sac fungi)
  • Saccharomycotina (true yeasts)
  • Taphrinomycotina
  • Schizosaccharomycetes (fission yeasts)
Basidiomycota (club fungi)
  • Urediniomycetes

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Residual sugar (or RS) is the measure of the amount of sugars that remain unfermented in the finished wine.

Residual sugar is usually measured in grams of sugar per litre of wine.
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Sherry is a fortified wine, made in and around the town of Jerez, Spain and hence in Spanish it is called "Vino de Jerez". According to some people, however, the city of Shiraz in midsouthern Iran was the birthplace of sherry.
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Port wine (also known as Vinho do Porto, Oporto, Porto, and often simply Port) is a sweet Portuguese fortified wine from the Douro Valley in the northern provinces of Portugal. It is often served as a dessert wine.
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Marsala is the name for a wine produced in the region surrounding the Italian city of Marsala in Sicily. Marsala wine has Denominazione di origine controllata, or DOC, status.
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Madeira is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands of Portugal, which is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the latter use including the dessert plum in madeira.
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Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise is a wine-growing AOC in the southern Rhône wine region of France.

Sweet white fortified wines (vins doux naturels) are made from the Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains grape.
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Vins doux naturels are lightly fortified wines typically made from white Muscat grapes or red Grenache grapes in the south of France.

History

The production of vins doux naturels was perfected by Arnaud de Villeneuve at the University of Montpellier in the 13th century and
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distilled beverage is a consumable liquid containing ethyl alcohol (ethanol) purified by distillation from a fermented substance such as fruit, vegetables, or grain. The word spirits
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Distillation is a method of separating chemical substances based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation usually forms part of a larger chemical process, and is thus referred to as a unit operation.
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Dessert wines (or pudding wines) are sweet wines typically served with dessert, such as Sauternes and Tokaji Aszú. Despite the name, they are often best appreciated alone, or with fruit or bakery sweets. There is no simple definition of a dessert wine.
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bum wine is a colloquial reference to any of a class of inexpensive fortified wines that are popular among the poor and homeless in the United States for the quick inebriation they deliver.
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Homelessness is the condition and societal category of people who lack fixed housing, usually because they cannot afford a regular, safe, and adequate shelter. The term "homelessness" may also include people whose primary nighttime residence is in a homeless shelter, in an
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A brand includes a name, logo, slogan, and/or design scheme associated with a product or service. Brand recognition and other reactions are created by the use of the product or service and through the influence of advertising, design, and media commentary.
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Thunderbird (The American Classic) is an inexpensive fortified country wine brand of E. & J. Gallo Winery in the United States. The wine is sold at between 13% and 18% ABV and first became popular in the 1950s.
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MD 20/20 aka (Mad Dog) is an American fortified wine produced by Mogen David wineries.

The wine comes in several flavors, including Banana Red, Blue Raspberry, Buck Bunny, Key Lime Pie, Kiwi Lemon, Lemon Ice, Orange Jubilee, Peaches and Cream, Red Grape Wine, Spiked
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Cisco is the brand name of a highly alcoholic, low-price fortified wine, produced by the Canandaigua Wine Co with varieties selling at 17.5% and 19.5% alcohol by volume. Cisco has a distinctive syrup-sweet taste and, because of its color and bottle shape, was often mistaken for a
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Night Train Express (usually abbreviated to Night Train) is the brand name of an inexpensive fortified wine sold in the United States. The wine typically contains 17.5% alcohol by volume.
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Richard's Wild Irish Rose is an alcoholic beverage produced by Canandaigua Wine Company, which is part of the Constellation Wines U.S. organization. It was introduced in 1954 and currently sells about two million cases annually. A bottle costs around 2.50 US dollars.
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Buckfast Tonic Wine, commonly known as Buckfast, Buckie or Bucky is a tonic wine produced by Buckfast Abbey in Devon, south west England. The wine was first produced in 1890s by the Benedictine monks at Buckfast Abbey using a recipe brought over from France, as
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Boone's Farm is a flavored wine or malt beverage product produced in Modesto, California by E & J Gallo Winery. The beverage is currently available in a variety of flavors including: apple blossom, blue Hawaiian, fuzzy navel, mango grove, melon ball, orange hurricane, snow creek
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Ripple was an inexpensive fortified wine produced by E & J Gallo Winery[1] that was popular among certain social classes in the United States, particularly in the 1970s.
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Sugars, brown
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 0 kcal   0 kJ

Carbohydrates     97.33 g
- Sugars  96.21 g
- Dietary fiber  0 g  
Fat 0 g
Protein 0 g
Water 1.77 g
Thiamin (Vit. B1)  0.
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Flavor or flavour (see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of a food or other substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and smell.
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Pruno is an alcoholic beverage made from apples and/or oranges, fruit cocktail, ketchup, sugar, and possibly other ingredients including bread. It originated in (and remains largely confined to) prisons, where it can be produced cheaply, easily, and discreetly.
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Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of grape juice.[1] The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients.
..... Click the link for more information.
Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of grape juice.[1] The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients.
..... Click the link for more information.


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