Information about Endangered
)
The Siberian Tiger is a subspecies of tiger that are critically endangered. 3 subspecies of tiger are extinct.[1]
| Conservation status |
|---|
| the risk of extinction |
| Extinction |
|
Extinct Extinct in the Wild |
| Threatened |
|
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable Threatened |
| Lower risk |
|
Conservation Dependent Near Threatened Least Concern Domesticated |
| See also |
|
World Conservation Union IUCN Red List |
An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in number, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters. An endangered species is usually a taxonomic species, but may be another evolutionary significant unit. The World Conservation Union (IUCN) has calculated the percentage of endangered species as 40 percent of all organisms based on the sample of species that have been evaluated through 2006.[2] (Note: the IUCN groups all threatened species for their summary purposes.) Many nations have laws offering protection to these species: for example, forbidding hunting, restricting land development or creating preserves. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and obtain legal protection. Many more species become extinct, or potentially will become extinct, without gaining public notice.
Conservation status
The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that endangered species not living. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species; not simply the number remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, known threats, and so on. The IUCN Red List is the best known conservation status listing.
Internationally, 189 countries have signed an accord agreeing to create Biodiversity Action Plans to protect endangered and other threatened species. In the U.S. this plan is usually called a species Recovery Plan.
IUCN Red List Endangered species
)
Endangered species under the IUCN Red List refers to a specific category of threatened species, and may also include critically endangered species.
The more general term used by the IUCN for species at risk of extinction is threatened species, which also includes the less-at-risk category of vulnerable species together with endangered and critically endangered.
IUCN categories include:
- Extinct: the last remaining member of the species had died, or is presumed beyond reasonable doubt to have died. Examples: Thylacine, Dodo, Passenger Pigeon
- Extinct in the wild: captive individuals survive, but there is no free-living, natural population. Examples: Alagoas Curassow
- Critically endangered: faces an extremely high risk of extinction in the immediate future. Examples: Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Arakan Forest Turtle, Javan Rhino
- Endangered: faces a very high risk of extinction in the near future. Examples: Cheetah, Blue Whale, Snow Leopard, African Wild Dog
- Vulnerable: faces a high risk of extinction in the medium-term. Examples: Gaur, Lion
- Least Concern: no immediate threat to the survival of the species. Examples: Norway Rat, Nootka Cypress Hawaiian Hawk
United States
)
"Endangered" in relation to "threatened" under the ESA.
Controversy
Some endangered species laws are controversial. Typical areas of controversy include: criteria for placing a species on the endangered species list, and criteria for removing a species from the list once its population has recovered; whether restrictions on land development constitute a "taking" of land by the government; the related question of whether private landowners should be compensated for the loss of use of their land; and obtaining reasonable exceptions to protection laws.Being listed as an endangered species can have negative effect since it could make a species more desirable for collectors and poachers.[3] This effect is potentially reduce-able, such as in China where commercially farmed turtles may be reducing some of the pressure to poach endangered species. [4]
Another problem with listing species is its effect of inciting the use of the "shoot, shovel, and shut-up" method of clearing endangered species from an area of land. Some landowners currently may perceive a diminution in value for their land after finding an endangered animal on it. They have allegedly opted to silently kill and bury the animals or destroy habitat, thus removing the problem from their land, but at the same time further reducing the population of an endangered species. [5] The effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act, which coined the term "endangered species", has been questioned by business advocacy groups and their publications, but is nevertheless widely recognized as an effective recovery tool by wildlife scientists who work with the species. Nineteen species have been delisted and recovered[6] and 93% of listed species have a recovering or stable population.[7]
Captive breeding programs
Gallery
) The endangered Island Fox | ) The endangered Sea Otter | ) American bison skull heap. There were as few as 750 bison in 1890 from overhunting. | ) Immature California Condor |
) | ) Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (photo courtesy of Don Roberson) | ) |
See also
Notes
1. ^ Sundarbans tiger project. Tiger extinction information is found in the website's section on tigers.
2. ^ IUCN Red-list statistics (2006)
3. ^ Courchamp, Franck; Elena Angulo, Philippe Rivalan, Richard J. Hall, Laetitia Signoret, Leigh Bull, Yves Meinard. Rarity Value and Species Extinction: The Anthropogenic Allee Effect. PLoS Biology. Retrieved on 2006-12-19.
4. ^ Dharmananda, Subhuti. Endangered Species issues affecting turtles and tortoises used in Chinese medicine.. Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Retrieved on 2006-12-19.
5. ^ Bailey, Ronald (2003-12-31). "Shoot, Shovel and Shut Up" (html). Reasononline. Reason Magazine. Retrieved on 2006-12-23.
6. ^ USFWS Threatened and Endangered Species System (TESS). U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved on 2007-08-06.
7. ^ Success Stories for Endangered Species Act
8. ^ Primack, Richard B. (2006). Essentials of Conservation Biology.. Sinauer Associates. ISBN 087893720X.
2. ^ IUCN Red-list statistics (2006)
3. ^ Courchamp, Franck; Elena Angulo, Philippe Rivalan, Richard J. Hall, Laetitia Signoret, Leigh Bull, Yves Meinard. Rarity Value and Species Extinction: The Anthropogenic Allee Effect. PLoS Biology. Retrieved on 2006-12-19.
4. ^ Dharmananda, Subhuti. Endangered Species issues affecting turtles and tortoises used in Chinese medicine.. Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Retrieved on 2006-12-19.
5. ^ Bailey, Ronald (2003-12-31). "Shoot, Shovel and Shut Up" (html). Reasononline. Reason Magazine. Retrieved on 2006-12-23.
6. ^ USFWS Threatened and Endangered Species System (TESS). U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved on 2007-08-06.
7. ^ Success Stories for Endangered Species Act
8. ^ Primack, Richard B. (2006). Essentials of Conservation Biology.. Sinauer Associates. ISBN 087893720X.
External links
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- Endangered Species & Wetlands Report Independent print and online newsletter covering the ESA, wetlands and regulatory takings.
- Everything you wanted to know about endangered species — Provided by New Scientist.
- Read Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Endangered Species
- Endangered species charted by number of species and risk of extinction.
conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
extinction is the cessation of existence of a species or group of taxa, reducing biodiversity. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point).
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Extinct in the Wild (EW) is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa, the only living members of which are being kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
critically endangered have an extremely high risk of becoming extinct.
..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN Category
The World Conservation Union (IUCN), widely considered to be the most objective and authoritative system for classifying species in terms of the risk of extinction[1]..... Click the link for more information.
vulnerable species is a species which is likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve. The following is a very small, non-representative fraction of the 8565 species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants, fungi, insects, bugs, etc.) which are vulnerable to extinction in the near future.
The World Conservation Union (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a
..... Click the link for more information.
The World Conservation Union (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a
..... Click the link for more information.
Conservation Dependent (LR/cd) was an IUCN category assigned to species or lower taxa which were dependent on conservation efforts to prevent the taxon becoming threatened with extinction.
..... Click the link for more information.
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Near Threatened (NT) is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa which may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Least Concern (LC) is an IUCN category assigned to extant species or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, nor Near Threatened, nor (prior to 2001) Conservation Dependent.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Domestication refers to the process whereby a population of animals or plants becomes accustomed to human provision and control. Humans have brought these populations under their care for a wide range of reasons: to produce food or valuable commodities (such as wool, cotton, or
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..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN
International Organization
Founded October 1948, Fontainebleau, France
Headquarters Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
Key people Mr Valli Moosa
Ms Julia Marton-Lefèvre
Industry Natural resource conservation
..... Click the link for more information.
International Organization
Founded October 1948, Fontainebleau, France
Headquarters Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
Key people Mr Valli Moosa
Ms Julia Marton-Lefèvre
Industry Natural resource conservation
..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), created in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
extinction is the cessation of existence of a species or group of taxa, reducing biodiversity. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point).
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
species is one of the basic units of biological classification. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
An Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (often lowercased: evolutionarily significant unit) is a population of organisms that is considered distinct for purposes of conservation. Delineating ESUs is important when considering conservation action.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN
International Organization
Founded October 1948, Fontainebleau, France
Headquarters Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
Key people Mr Valli Moosa
Ms Julia Marton-Lefèvre
Industry Natural resource conservation
..... Click the link for more information.
International Organization
Founded October 1948, Fontainebleau, France
Headquarters Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
Key people Mr Valli Moosa
Ms Julia Marton-Lefèvre
Industry Natural resource conservation
..... Click the link for more information.
LAW may refer to:
..... Click the link for more information.
- Lightweight Anti-tank Weapon, like the M72 LAW (US Army) and the LAW 80 (British Army)
- Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights (also known as LAW)
- League of American Bicyclists, formerly known as the League of American Wheelmen
..... Click the link for more information.
Hunting is the practice of pursuing animals for food, recreation, trade or for their products. In modern use, the term refers to regulated and legal hunting, as distinguished from poaching, which is the killing, trapping or capture of animals contrary to law.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
LAW may refer to:
..... Click the link for more information.
- Lightweight Anti-tank Weapon, like the M72 LAW (US Army) and the LAW 80 (British Army)
- Palestinian Society for the Protection of Human Rights (also known as LAW)
- League of American Bicyclists, formerly known as the League of American Wheelmen
..... Click the link for more information.
conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing the conservation status of a species: not simply the number remaining, but the
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
species is one of the basic units of biological classification. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), created in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats, which is designed to protect and restore biological systems. The original impetus for these plans derives from the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Motto
"In God We Trust" (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum" ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
Anthem
..... Click the link for more information.
"In God We Trust" (since 1956)
"E Pluribus Unum" ("From Many, One"; Latin, traditional)
Anthem
..... Click the link for more information.
Recovery Plan is a program in the USA to develop protocols for protecting and enhancing rare and endangered species populations. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, under authority of the U.S.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), created in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants, fungi, insects, bugs, etc.) which are vulnerable to extinction in the near future.
The World Conservation Union (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a
..... Click the link for more information.
The World Conservation Union (IUCN) is the foremost authority on threatened species, and treats threatened species not as a
..... Click the link for more information.
vulnerable species is a species which is likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve. The following is a very small, non-representative fraction of the 8565 species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
T. cynocephalus
Binomial name
Thylacinus cynocephalus
(Harris, 1808)
The Thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modern times.
..... Click the link for more information.
Binomial name
Thylacinus cynocephalus
(Harris, 1808)
The Thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) was the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modern times.
..... Click the link for more information.
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Herod_Archelaus
