Information about Embedded Linux
| Linux | |
) | |
| History | |
| GNU Project • Linux kernel (history • portability and supported architectures) • Naming controversy • Windows and Linux • Adoption • Linus's Law • Tux • SCO and Linux | |
| Distribution | |
| Linux distribution (list • comparison) • Linux package formats • LiveDistro (list • comparison) • Live USB • Mini Linux | |
| Applications | |
| Server • Desktop • Embedded • Gaming • Thin client | |
Embedded Linux is the designation for Linux-based operating systems that are used as embedded operating systems in cell phones, personal digital assistants, media player handsets and other consumer electronics devices. Linux is also suitable for other embedded applications such as networking equipment, machine control, industrial automation, navigation equipment, and medical instruments.
Embedded Linux can be characterized as different from desktop and server versions of Linux in that embedded Linux is designed for devices with comparably limited resources, such as smaller sizes of RAM and much more limited secondary storage. Embedded Linux based devices frequently involve flash memory based secondary storage instead of a hard disk.
Further, embedded Linux has been ported to a variety of processors not suited for use as the processor of desktop or server computers.
It is an alternative to the—usually proprietary—bespoke assembler or C software largely used in embedded development. Advantages compared to other embedded operating systems include: the source code can be modified and redistributed; relatively small footprint (a typical installation may require less than two megabytes of memory); no royalty or licensing costs; mature and stable; and a large support base. Embedded Linux systems combine the Linux kernel with a small set of free software utilities. The glibc is often replaced as the C standard library by less resource-consuming alternatives such as dietlibc, uClibc or Newlib.
Several industry groups have formed to foster use of Linux in embedded applications. These include: the CE Linux Forum, founded in 2003 to aid the inclusion of embedded features in the main Linux kernel branch; the Linux Foundation (formerly Open Source Development Labs); the Linux Phone Standards Forum, created in 2004 to pursue a standard applications environment for Linux-based mobile phones and "converged devices"; the LiMo Foundation, founded in 2006 by Motorola, NEC, Panasonic, Samsung, DoCoMo, and Vodafone to establish a set of interfaces and standard reference components to improve the third-party mobile phone developer base; and the San Francisco, California-based Embedded Linux Consortium, which, until its 2005 closure and transfer of operations to the Linux Foundation, included IBM, Intel, LynuxWorks, and others, and focused on application programming interface standardization. The Embedded Linux Consortium produced the ELCPS which was intended as a guide to developers of embedded Linux devices as to what functionality should be included in order to provide a standard platform supporting application portability.
Providers of commercial Linux distributions specifically targeting embedded Linux development include MontaVista Software, LynuxWorks, SysGo, and TimeSys. Some commercial embedded hardware known to use Linux is: Motorola mobile telephones including the A760, A780, E680, A1200, and others; the Panasonic P901i and NEC N901ic telephones; FIC's Neo1973; the Philips LPC3180; and a variety of single board computers.
See also
- MontaVista Software
- Access Co.
- Wind River Systems
- T2 SDE
- Qtopia
- Soekris
- Picotux
- OpenMoko
- Maemo
- μClinux
- TimeSys
External links
- Embedded Linux at the Open Directory Project
- - A wiki for developers using Embedded Linux
- Embedded Linux and the Law
- Embedded Linux Tools (French)
- News and technical articles concerning embedded Linux
Linux (pronunciation: IPA: /ˈlɪnʊks/, lin-uks) is a Unix-like computer operating system. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software and open source development; its underlying source code can be
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The GNU Project is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. It initiated the GNU operating system, software development for which began in January 1984. GNU is a recursive acronym that stands for "GNU's Not Unix".
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Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel. It is the namesake of the Linux family of operating systems. Released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) and developed by contributors worldwide, Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source
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The GNU/Linux naming controversy is a dispute between members of the free and open source software community relating to the normative branding of the computer operating systems commonly referred to as Linux.
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Comparison of Windows and Linux (two computer operating systems) has become a common topic of discussion among their users. Windows is the most prominent operating system released under a proprietary software license (though selected business partners may receive a shared source
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Linux adoption refers to the uptake of the Linux operating system by homes, organisations and governments. Linux migration refers to the change over to Linux from other operating systems.
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Linus's Law can refer to three notions, all named after Linus Torvalds.
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Linus's Law according to Eric S. Raymond
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Tux (also known as Tux the Penguin) is the official mascot of the Linux kernel.
He is represented as an average penguin sitting on the ground with his flippers up.
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He is represented as an average penguin sitting on the ground with his flippers up.
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The SCO-Linux controversies are a series of legal and public disputes between the software company SCO Group (SCO) and various Linux vendors and users. The SCO Group alleges that its license agreements with IBM means that source code that IBM wrote and donated to be incorporated
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A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-like operating systems comprising the Linux kernel, the non-kernel parts of the GNU operating system, and assorted other software.
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? pre-1999-08-19 (1.1) Red Hat Linux 12.8 2006-11-08 desktop
ALT Linux ALT Linux Team ALT Linux Team 2001-03-21 Mandrake Linux 4.0 2007-08-27 desktop, workstation, server
Annvix Vincent Danen Vincent Danen 2003-11-? Mandrake Linux 1.
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ALT Linux ALT Linux Team ALT Linux Team 2001-03-21 Mandrake Linux 4.0 2007-08-27 desktop, workstation, server
Annvix Vincent Danen Vincent Danen 2003-11-? Mandrake Linux 1.
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Linux package formats are the different file formats used to package software for various GNU/Linux distributions. These are the principal kinds of package:
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- Binary packages
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Examples
- deb — Deb
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LiveDistro or Live CD is a generic term for an operating system distribution that is executed upon boot, without installation on a hard drive. Typically, it is stored on a bootable medium, such as a CD-ROM (Live CD), DVD (Live DVD), Floppy (Live floppy), USB flash
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This is a list of LiveDistros, which is a generic term for an operating system distribution that is executed upon boot, without installation on a hard drive. Typically, it is stored on a bootable medium, such as a CD-ROM (Live CD), DVD (Live DVD), Floppy (Live floppy), USB flash
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A LiveDistro is a Linux distribution that is executed upon boot, without installation on a hard drive. Typically, it is stored on bootable media such as a CD-ROM (Live CD), DVD (Live DVD), USB Flash Drive, among others.
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The acronym LAMP refers to a solution stack of software, usually free software / open-source software, used to run dynamic Web sites or servers. The original expansion is as follows:
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Desktop Linux, also Linux on the desktop
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Linux gaming refers to playing and developing games for Linux operating systems.
In recent years GNU/Linux has increased greatly on popularity and with it so has Linux gaming.
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In recent years GNU/Linux has increased greatly on popularity and with it so has Linux gaming.
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Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) is an add-on package for Linux that allows many people to simultaneously use the same computer. Applications run on the server with a terminal known as a thin client handling input and output. These thin clients are also known as X terminals.
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Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel. It is the namesake of the Linux family of operating systems. Released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) and developed by contributors worldwide, Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source
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An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer. An operating system processes system data and user input, and responds by allocating and managing tasks and internal system resources as a service to users and programs of the
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An embedded operating system is an operating system for embedded computer systems. These operating systems are designed to be very compact and efficient, forsaking many functions that non-embedded computer operating systems provide, and which may not be used by the specialized
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mobile phone or cell phone is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communication. In addition to the standard voice function of a telephone, current mobile phones can support many additional services such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching
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Personal digital assistants (PDAs) are handheld computers, but have become much more versatile over the years. PDAs are also known as pocket computers or palmtop computers.
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Consumer electronics include electronic equipment intended for everyday use. Consumer electronics are most often used in entertainment, communications and office productivity.
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