Information about Dlco
DLCO stands for the Diffusing capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide, the test used to determine this parameter. DLCO is the extent to which oxygen passes from the air sacs of the lungs into the blood. It was introduced in 1909.[1]
This test involves measuring the partial pressure difference between inspired and expired carbon monoxide. It relies on the strong affinity and large absorption capacity of erythrocytes for carbon monoxide and thus demonstrates gas uptake by the capillaries that is less dependent on cardiac output[2].
Factors increasing dlco include polycythaemia and increased pulmonary blood volume as occurs in exercise.
Mechanism of test
The DLCO TestThis test involves measuring the partial pressure difference between inspired and expired carbon monoxide. It relies on the strong affinity and large absorption capacity of erythrocytes for carbon monoxide and thus demonstrates gas uptake by the capillaries that is less dependent on cardiac output[2].
Factors reducing DLCO
DLCO can be reduced by the following:- Hindrance in the alveolar wall. e.g. fibrosis, alveolitis, vasculitis
- Decrease of total lung area, e.g. emphysema.
- Uneven spread of air in lungs, e.g. emphysema.
- Cardiac insufficiency
- Hemoglobin decrease in blood
- Pulmonary hypertension
Factors increasing dlco include polycythaemia and increased pulmonary blood volume as occurs in exercise.
References
1. ^ Hughes J, Bates D (2003). "Historical review: the carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) and its membrane (DM) and red cell (Theta.Vc) components". Respir Physiol Neurobiol 138 (2-3): 115-42. PMID 14609505.
2. ^ Sue DY, Oren A, Hansen JE & Wasserman K (1987). Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide as a predictor of gas exchange during exercise. N. Engl. J. Med., 316(21):1301-1306.
2. ^ Sue DY, Oren A, Hansen JE & Wasserman K (1987). Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide as a predictor of gas exchange during exercise. N. Engl. J. Med., 316(21):1301-1306.
External links
In biology, diffusion capacity is a measurement of the lung's ability to transfer gases. Oxygen uptake may be limited by diffusion in circumstances low ambient oxygen or high pulmonary blood flow. Carbon dioxide is not limited by diffusion under most circumstances.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It is the product of the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing compounds, notably in internal-combustion engines.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
alveolus (plural: alveoli, from Latin alveus, "little cavity"), is an anatomical structure that has the form of a hollow cavity. Mainly found in the lung, the pulmonary alveoli
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
Blood is a specialized biological fluid consisting of red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes) suspended in a complex fluid medium known as blood plasma.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
In a mixture of ideal gases, each gas has a partial pressure which is the pressure which the gas would have if it alone occupied the volume. The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in the mixture.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Red blood cells are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate body's principal means of delivering oxygen from the lungs or gills to body tissues via the blood.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, in particular by a ventricle in a minute.
..... Click the link for more information.
Normal Output
Cardiac output is equal to the stroke volume (SV) multiplied by the heart rate (HR)...... Click the link for more information.
alveolus (plural: alveoli, from Latin alveus, "little cavity"), is an anatomical structure that has the form of a hollow cavity. Mainly found in the lung, the pulmonary alveoli
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
MeSH D005355 Fibrosis is the formation or development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue as a reparative or reactive process, as opposed to a formation of fibrous tissue as a normal constituent of an organ or tissue.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Alveolitis can refer to two inflammatory conditions. It can refer to inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs, or the dental alveolus in the jaw.
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis is a lung disorder resulting from repeated inhalation of organic dust, usually in a specific
..... Click the link for more information.
Extrinsic allergic alveolitis is a lung disorder resulting from repeated inhalation of organic dust, usually in a specific
..... Click the link for more information.
MeSH D014657 Vasculitis (plural: vasculitides), a group of diseases featuring inflammation of the wall of blood vessels including veins (phlebitis), arteries (arteritis) and capillaries due to leukocyte migration and resultant damage.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Emphysema
Classification & external resources
H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) stained lung tissue sample from an end-stage emphysema patient. RBCs are red, nuclei are blue-purple, other cellular and extracellular material is pink, and air spaces are white.
..... Click the link for more information.
Classification & external resources
H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) stained lung tissue sample from an end-stage emphysema patient. RBCs are red, nuclei are blue-purple, other cellular and extracellular material is pink, and air spaces are white.
..... Click the link for more information.
lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity.[1]]]
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates, the most primitive being the lungfish.
..... Click the link for more information.
Emphysema
Classification & external resources
H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) stained lung tissue sample from an end-stage emphysema patient. RBCs are red, nuclei are blue-purple, other cellular and extracellular material is pink, and air spaces are white.
..... Click the link for more information.
Classification & external resources
H&E (haematoxylin and eosin) stained lung tissue sample from an end-stage emphysema patient. RBCs are red, nuclei are blue-purple, other cellular and extracellular material is pink, and air spaces are white.
..... Click the link for more information.
Heart failure
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 50.0
ICD-9 428.0
DiseasesDB 16209
MedlinePlus 000158
eMedicine med/3552
MeSH D006333
Congestive heart failure (CHF), also called
..... Click the link for more information.
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 I 50.0
ICD-9 428.0
DiseasesDB 16209
MedlinePlus 000158
eMedicine med/3552
MeSH D006333
Congestive heart failure (CHF), also called
..... Click the link for more information.
Hemoglobin, also spelled haemoglobin and abbreviated Hb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of the blood in vertebrates and other animals.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
Blood is a specialized biological fluid consisting of red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes) suspended in a complex fluid medium known as blood plasma.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
MeSH D006976 In medicine, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery or lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms, all of which are exacerbated by exertion.
..... Click the link for more information.
..... Click the link for more information.
This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia.org - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. Although the vast majority of the wikipedia encyclopedia articles provide accurate and timely information please do not assume the accuracy of any particular article. This article is distributed under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License.
Herod_Archelaus
