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Information about Dissociation (chemistry)

Dissociation in chemistry and biochemistry is a general process in which ionic compounds (complexes, molecules, or salts) separate or split into smaller molecules, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner. Dissociation is the opposite of association and recombination. The process is frequently confused with ionization.

Dissociation constant

For reversible dissociations in a chemical equilibrium
the dissociation constant Kd is the ratio of dissociated to undissociated compound

Salts

The dissociation of salts by solvation in a solution like water means the separation of the anions and cations. The salt can be recovered by evaporation of the solvent. See also: Solubility equilibrium

Acids

The dissociation of acids in a solution means the split-off of a proton H+, see Acid-base reaction theories. This is an equilibrium process, meaning that dissociation and recombination takes place at the same time. The acid dissociation constant Ka is an indicator of the acid strength: stronger acids have a higher Ka value (and a lower pKa value).

Fragmentation

Fragmentation of a molecule can take place by a process of heterolysis or homolysis

Receptors

Receptors are proteins that bind small ligands. The dissociation constant Kd is used as indicator of the affinity of the ligand to the receptor. The higher the affinity of the ligand for the receptor the lower the Kd value (and the higher the pKd value).

See Also

Ionization
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Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms.[1] The word "biochemistry" comes from the Greek word βιοχημεία biochēmeia, which means "the chemistry of life.
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complex in chemistry usually is used to describe molecules or ensembles formed by the combination of ligands and metal ions. Originally, a complex implied a reversible association of molecules, atoms, or ions through weak chemical bonds.
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molecule is defined as a sufficiently stable electrically neutral group of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by strong chemical bonds.[1][2] In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the term molecule
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This article is about the term salt as referred to in chemistry. For the everyday meaning, see salt or its main ingredient, sodium chloride. For other meanings of the word salt, see salt (disambiguation).

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radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atomic or molecular species with unpaired electrons on an otherwise open shell configuration. These unpaired electrons are usually highly reactive, so radicals are likely to take part in chemical reactions.
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Ionization is the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by changing the difference between the number of protons and electrons. This process works slightly differently depending on whether an ion with a positive or a negative electric charge is being
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chemical equilibrium is the state in which the chemical activities or concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time. Usually, this state results when the forward chemical process proceeds at the same rate as their reverse reaction.
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dissociation constant is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.
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Solvation, commonly called dissolution, is the process of attraction and association of molecules of a solvent with molecules or ions of a solute. As ions dissolve in a solvent they spread out and become surrounded by solvent molecules.
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This article is about chemical solutions. For other uses, see Solution (disambiguation).
In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
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Water (H2O, HOH) is the most abundant molecule on Earth's surface, composing of about 70% of the Earth's surface as liquid and solid state in addition to being found in the atmosphere as a vapor.
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Evaporation is the process by which molecules in a liquid state (e.g. water) spontaneously become gaseous (e.g. water vapor), without being heated to boiling point. It is the opposite of condensation.
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Solubility equilibrium is any chemical equilibrium between solid and dissolved states of a compound at saturation.

Solubility equilibria involve application of chemical principles and constants to predict solubility of substances under specific conditions (because
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ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably. In the context of databases, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction.
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This article is about chemical solutions. For other uses, see Solution (disambiguation).
In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
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Proton

The quark structure of the proton.
Composition: 2 up, 1 down
Family: Fermion
Group: Quark
Interaction: Gravity, Electromagnetic, Weak, Strong
Antiparticle: Antiproton
Discovered: Ernest Rutherford (1919)
Symbol: p+
Mass: 1.
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    An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base. Several concepts exist which provide alternative definitions for the reaction mechanisms involved and their application in solving related problems.
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    An acid dissociation constant, denoted by Ka, is an equilibrium constant for the dissociation of a weak acid. According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases an acid is only recognised by its reaction with a base.
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    In chemistry, heterolysis or heterolytic fission (from Greek ἑτερος, heteros, "different," and λυσις, lusis,
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    In chemistry, homolysis or homolytic fission is chemical bond dissociation of a neutral molecule generating two free radicals. That is, two electrons that are involved in the bond are distributed one by one to the two species.
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    For other uses, see Receptor.


    In biochemistry, a receptor is a protein on the cell membrane or within the cytoplasm or cell nucleus that binds to a specific molecule (a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, or other substance, and initiates
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    Proteins are large organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues.
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    In chemistry, a ligand is an atom, ion, or molecule (see also: functional group) that generally donates one or more of its electrons through a coordinate covalent bond to, or shares its electrons through a covalent bond with, one or more central atoms or ions (these ligands act as
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    Affinity may refer to:
    • Chemical affinity - the force of attraction between chemical species.
    • Biochemistry, protein-ligand binding affinity
    • Biology, cell affinity refers to how close a cell group tightly to the surrounding cells.

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    Affinity may refer to:
    • Chemical affinity - the force of attraction between chemical species.
    • Biochemistry, protein-ligand binding affinity
    • Biology, cell affinity refers to how close a cell group tightly to the surrounding cells.

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    Ionization is the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by changing the difference between the number of protons and electrons. This process works slightly differently depending on whether an ion with a positive or a negative electric charge is being
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