Culross

Information about Culross

Culross Town House.

Culross Palace with its crow-step gable design.

The town of Culross,pronounced "Coo-ros", (Gaelic: Cuileann Ros) is a former royal burgh in Fife, Scotland. Originally a port city on the Firth of Forth, the town is said to have been founded by Saint Serf (fl. 6th century?), and to have been the birthplace of Saint Mungo.

A legend states that when the British princess (and future saint) Theneu or Enoch, daughter of the King of Lothian, became pregnant before marriage, her family threw her from a cliff. She survived the fall unharmed, and was soon met by an unmanned boat. She knew she had no home to go to, so she got into the boat; it sailed her across the Firth of Forth to land at Culross where she was cared for by Saint Serf; he became foster-father of her son, Saint Kentigern or Mungo (d. 612).

During the 16th and 17th centuries, the town was a centre of the coal mining industry. Sir George Bruce of Carnock, who built the splendid 'Palace' of Culross and whose elaborate family monument stands in the north transept of the Abbey church, established the first coal mine in the world to extend under the sea at Culross, with ingenious contrivances to drain the constant leakage from above. This mine was considered one of the marvels of the British Isles in the early 17th century, until it was destroyed in a storm. Culross' secondary industry was salt panning. There was a considerable export trade by sea in the produce of these industries. It was also known for its monopoly on the manufacture of 'girdles', ie. flat iron plates for baking over an open fire. The town's role as a port declined from the 18th century, and by Victorian times it had become something of a 'ghost town'. The harbour was filled in and the sea cut off by the coastal railway line in the second half of the 19th century (though the site of the harbour walls can to a large extent still be traced).

During the 20th century, it became recognised that Culross contained many unique historical buildings and the National Trust for Scotland has been working on their preservation and restoration since the 1930s.

Notable buildings in the burgh include Culross Town House, formerly used as a courthouse and prison, the 16th century Culross Palace, 17th century Study, and the remains of the Cistercian house of Culross Abbey, founded 1217. The tower, transepts and choir of the Abbey Church remain in use as the parish church, while the ruined claustral buildings are cared for by Historic Scotland (no entrance charge).

Culross is twinned with Veere in the Netherlands, which was formerly the port through which its export goods entered the Low Countries.

It is part of the Dunfermline and West Fife Westminster constituency.

A royal burgh was a type of Scottish burgh (town or city) which had been founded by, or subsequently granted, a royal charter. Although abolished in 1975, the term is still used unofficially in many of the former burghs.
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Motto
Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin)
"No one provokes me with impunity"
"Cha togar m'fhearg gun dioladh"
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port is a facility for receiving ships and transferring cargo. They are usually situated at the edge of an ocean, sea, river, or lake. Ports often have cargo-handling equipment such as cranes (operated by longshoremen) and forklifts for use in loading/unloading of ships, which may
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Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the estuary or firth of Scotland's River Forth, where it flows into the North Sea between Fife to the north, and West Lothian, the City of Edinburgh, and East Lothian to the south.
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Saint Serf (Servanus) (ca. 500—d. 583 AD) was probably a Brythonic saint, certainly of Scotland. The only thing that can be safely asserted of Serf is that he proselytized in the area of western Fife. It is not known exactly when.
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The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. This century is widely considered to mark the end of Classical Antiquity and the beginning of the Dark Ages.
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Saint Mungo is the commonly used name for Saint Kentigern (also known as Cantigernus (Latin) or Cyndeyrn Garthwys (Welsh)). He was the late 6th century of the Brythonic Kingdom of Strathclyde in modern Scotland, and patron saint and founder of the city of
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Lothian (Lowden in Scots, Lodainn in Gaelic) forms a traditional region of Scotland, lying between the southern shore of the Firth of Forth and the Lammermuir Hills.
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Pregnancy is the carrying of one or more offspring, known as a fetus or embryo, inside the body of a female mammal such as a human. In a pregnancy, there can be multiple gestations (for example, in the case of twins or triplets).
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7th century · 8th century
580s 590s 600s 610s 620s 630s 640s
609 610 611 612 613 614 615
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worldwide view.

Coal mining is the extraction or removing of coal from the earth for use as fuel. A coal mine and its accompanying structures are collectively known as a colliery. For the world history see History of coal mining.
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th Century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700 in the Gregorian calendar.

The 17th Century falls into the Early Modern period of Europe and was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement and the beginning of
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Salt evaporation ponds are shallow man-made ponds designed to produce salt from sea water. The seawater is fed into large ponds and water is drawn out through natural evaporation which allows the salt to be subsequently harvested.
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The 18th Century lasted from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.

Historians sometimes specifically define the 18th Century otherwise for the purposes of their work.
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For the periodical, see .

The 19th Century (also written XIX century) lasted from 1801 through 1900 in the Gregorian calendar. It is often referred to as the "1800s.
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The National Trust for Scotland (NTS) describes itself as the conservation charity that protects and promotes Scotland's natural and cultural heritage for present and future generations to enjoy.
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courthouse (sometimes spelled court house) is a building that is home to a local court of law and often the regional county government as well, although this is not the case in some larger cities. The term is common in North America.
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prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of personal freedoms.
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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 through 1600.

See also: 16th century in literature

Events

1500s

1500s: Mississippian culture disappears.

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Culross Palace is a late 16th - early 17th century merchant's house in Culross, Fife, Scotland.

The palace, or "Great Lodging", was constructed between 1597 and 1611 by Sir George Bruce, the Laird of Carnock.
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Order of Cistercians (OCist; Latin: Cistercienses), sometimes called the White Monks (from the colour of the habit, over which a black scapular or apron is sometimes worn) is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed
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Culross Abbey is a Cistercian abbey in Culross, Scotland, head by the Abbot or Commendator of Culross.

The abbey was founded in 1217 by Malcolm I, Mormaer or Earl of Fife, and was first colonised by monks from Kinloss Abbey.
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1217 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1217
MCCXVII
Ab urbe condita 1970
Armenian calendar 666
ԹՎ ՈԿԶ
Bah' calendar -627 – -626
Buddhist calendar 1761
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Historic Scotland is an executive agency of the Scottish Executive, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland.

Its website states:

"Historic Scotland was created as an agency in 1991 and was attached to the Scottish Executive Education Department, which

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Veere

Country Netherlands
Province Zeeland
Area (2006)
- Municipality 207.09 km (0 sq mi)
- Land 132.
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Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers. The term is more appropriate to the era of the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Europe when strong centrally
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