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Information about Cosquer Cave

The Cosquer cave is located in the Calanque de Morgiou near Marseille, France, not very far from Cap Morgiou. This cave, the entrance of which is located underwater nowadays, was discovered by Henri Cosquer in 1991.

Description

Today, the cave can be accessed through a 175-meter long tunnel, the entrance of which is located 37 meters under sea level.

20,000 years ago, during the last glaciation, large volumes of water were retained in enormous icecaps, making the level of the sea 110 to 120 meters lower than today. The shore of Mediterranean sea was then several kilometers away from the cave.

The Art of Cosquer Cave

This cave contains several dozen painting and carvings dating back to Upper Paleolithic, matching two different phases of occupation of the cave:
  • Older drawings of hand stencils and other related motifs, dating back to 27,000 BP (Gravettian)
  • Newer drawings of signs and animal drawings dating back to 19,000 BP (Solutrean), representing both "classical" animals such as bisons, ibexes, and horses but also marine animals such as seals and what appear to be auks and medusas.

See also

External links

References

  • Jean Clottes, Jean Courtin, La grotte Cosquer, Seuil, 1994, ISBN 2-02-019820-7 (French)
  • Jean Clottes, Jean Courtin, Luc Vanrell, Cosquer redécouvert, Seuil, 2005, ISBN 2-02-065550-0 (French)
  • The Cave Beneath the Sea: Paleolithic Images at Cosquer by Jean Clottes and Jean Courtin (1996) Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York ISBN 0-8109-4033-7 English translation by Marilyn Garner from the French edition
Massif des Calanques
Calanques
Sormiou | Morgiou | Sugiton |Oeil de verre | Devenson | En-Vau | Port-Pin | Port-Miou | Arne
Mountain ranges and features
Marseilleveyre | Mont Puget |Cosquer cave | La Gineste | Corniche des Crtes | Cap Canaille | The Semaphore


Coordinates:
The Calanque de Morgiou is one of the biggest calanques located between Marseille and Cassis.

Formerly a fishing port, it is famous for the gigantic tuna fishing organized there in 1622, when the king Louis XIII paid a visit to Marseille.
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Ville de Marseille

City flag Coat of arms

Motto: Actibus immensis urbs fulget Massiliensis.
"By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines"

Location
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Motto
Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"


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19th century - 20th century - 21st century
1960s  1970s  1980s  - 1990s -  2000s  2010s  2020s
1988 1989 1990 - 1991 - 1992 1993 1994

Year 1991 (MCMXCI
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The Wisconsin (in North America), Devensian (in the British Isles), Midlandian (in Ireland), Würm (in the Alps), and Weichsel (in northern central Europe) glaciations
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Mediterranean is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. It covers an approximate area of 2.
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Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. Very broadly it dates to between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago, roughly coinciding with the appearance of "high"
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Before Present (BP) years are a time scale used in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events in the past occurred. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1950 as the arbitrary benchmark of what's considered "present".
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Gravettian was an industry of the European Upper Palaeolithic. It is named after the type site of La Gravette in the Dordogne region of France. It dates from between 28,000 and 22,000 years ago and succeeded the Aurignacian.
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Before Present (BP) years are a time scale used in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events in the past occurred. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1950 as the arbitrary benchmark of what's considered "present".
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Solutrean industry was a relatively advanced flint tool making style of the Upper Palaeolithic.

It is named after the type-site of Solutré in the Mâcon district, Saône-et-Loire, eastern France and appeared around 19,000 BCE.
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Bison
Hamilton Smith, 1827

Species

†B. antiquus
B. bison
B. bonasus
†B. latifrons
†B. occidentalis
†B.
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ibex, also called steinbock, is a type of wild mountain goat with large recurved horns that are transversely ridged in front. Ibex are found in Eurasia, North Africa, and East Africa.
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H.O.R.S.E. is a form of poker commonly played at the high stakes tables of casinos. It consists of rounds of play cycling among:
  • Texas Hold 'em,
  • Omaha eight or better,
  • Razz,
  • Seven card Stud, and
  • Seven card stud E

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Pinnipeds ("fin-feet", lit. "winged feet") are marine mammals belonging to the former biological suborder Pinnipedia (sometimes now a superfamily) of the order Carnivora. The pinnipeds now fall within the suborder Caniformia and comprise the families Odobenidae (walruses),
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AUK is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below:
  • Audax UK, a cycling organisation
  • American University in Kosovo, part of the Rochester Institute of Technology
  • alt.usenet.

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Medusa (Greek: Μέδουσα, "guardian, protectress"[1]) was a monstrous chthonic female character; gazing upon her could turn onlookers to stone.
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Cave or Rock Paintings are paintings on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to prehistoric times. The earliest known rock paintings are dated to the Upper Paleolithic, 40,000 years ago, while the earliest European cave paintings date to 32,000 years ago.
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The Massif des Calanques is a wild and rugged terrain stretching from the ninth arondissement of Marseille to the east towards Cassis, spanning 20 km in length and 4 km in width along the coast. Its highest peak is Mont Puget at 565m. This is one of France's great natural beauty areas.
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The Calanque de Sormiou is one of the big Calanques between Marseille and La Ciotat. It is famous for its climbing spots.

Massif des Calanques
Calanques
Sormiou | Morgiou | Sugiton |Oeil de verre | Devenson | En-Vau | Port-Pin | Port-Miou | Arne
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The Calanque de Morgiou is one of the biggest calanques located between Marseille and Cassis.

Formerly a fishing port, it is famous for the gigantic tuna fishing organized there in 1622, when the king Louis XIII paid a visit to Marseille.
..... Click the link for more information.
The Calanque de Sugiton is one of the numerous calanques located between Marseille and Cassis.

While quite small, Sugiton is perhaps the most known of all Marseille calanques, simply because it can be easily accessed by hikers, and because it is open to tourists even during
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The Calanque de Port-Miou is one of the three big Cassis calanques. It is very long and narrow, and thus was very suitable for establishing a marina.

External links

  • Official site


Massif des Calanques
Calanques
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The Mont Puget, named after a famous French sculptor Pierre Puget, is a mountain, part of Marseille-Cassis calanques, located south-east of Marseille. It culminates at 565 meters above the level of the sea.

Like most Marseille mountains, it is formed from limestone.
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geographic coordinate system enables every location on the earth to be specified by the three coordinates of a spherical coordinate system aligned with the spin axis of the Earth.
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