Information about Comparison Of Layout Engines (html)

HTML
Character encodings
Dynamic HTML
Font family
HTML editor
HTML element
HTML scripting
Layout engine comparison
Style Sheets
Unicode and HTML
W3C
Web browsers comparison
Web colors
XHTML
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The following tables compare HTML compatibility and support for a number of layout engines. Please see the individual products' articles for further information. This article is not all-inclusive or necessarily up-to-date. Unless otherwise specified in footnotes, comparisons are based on the stable versions without any add-ons, extensions or external programs.

Only HTML 4 and XHTML 1 served as text/html (so called "HTML compatible" XHTML) are considered. XHTML 2 is not considered as it is a redefinition of XHTML, which is not backward compatible. For more XHTML-related comparisons, please refer to comparison of layout engines (XHTML).

Version number, if possible, is provided for feature that is fully supported (based on HTML 4.01). Proprietary extensions are not included.

Engine nomenclature

Layout Engine Used By
TridentInternet Explorer
TasmanInternet Explorer for Mac
GeckoAll Mozilla software, including Firefox; GNOME's Galeon
WebCoreMac OS X (Safari)
KHTMLKDE
PrestoOpera
iCabiCab

DOCTYPE sniffing

The way that the engines determine standards mode, quirks mode, or almost standards mode.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
XHTML 1.1
StrictStandards?Standards?StandardsStandards?
XHTML 1.0
StrictStandards?Standards?StandardsStandards?
TransitionalStandards?Almost?StandardsStandards?
FramesetStandards?Almost?StandardsStandards?
HTML 4.01
StrictStandards?Standards?StandardsStandards?
Standards?Standards?StandardsStandards?
TransitionalStandardsStandardsAlmost?StandardsStandards?
QuirksQuirksQuirks?QuirksQuirks?
FramesetStandards?Almost?StandardsStandards?
Quirks?Quirks?QuirksQuirks?
HTML 4.0
StrictStandardsStandardsStandards?StandardsStandards?
Standards?Standards?StandardsStandards?
TransitionalStandards?Quirks?QuirksStandards?
Quirks?Quirks?QuirksQuirks?
FramesetStandards?Quirks?QuirksStandards?
Quirks?Quirks?QuirksQuirks?

General DOCTYPE sniffing notes

  1. Quirks mode — Emulates non-standard behaviors in Navigator 4 and MSIE. Generally used in HTML without DOCTYPE and HTML 3 or below. The amount of emulation differs between the layout engines, e.g. Gecko and Presto use the standardized W3C box layout model even in quirks mode. Thus the results are quite unpredictable in this mode.
  2. Standards mode — Follows W3C's recommendations.

Gecko DOCTYPE sniffing notes

  1. Almost standards mode — Implements the vertical sizing of table cells traditionally and not rigorously according to the CSS2 specification. Almost standards mode was created after 1.0 and 1.1alpha, but before 1.0.1 and 1.1beta. This mode is, however, similar to the standard modes of Trident, Presto and WebCore. Before almost standards mode was created these DOCTYPEs triggered standards mode.

Global structure elements

The global structure of the document.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Basic structure
html5.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
head4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
body4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Metadata
title4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
meta4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Headings
h14.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
h24.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
h34.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
h44.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
h54.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
h64.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Grouping elements
div4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
span4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Text elements

Elements that represent text.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Phrase
em4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
strong4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
dfn4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
code4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
samp4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
kbd4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
var4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
cite4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
abbr7.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
acronym4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Quotations
blockquote4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
qNoYes1.8YesYes7.0Yes
Subscripts and superscripts
sub4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
sup4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Lines and paragraphs
p4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
pre4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
br5.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Marking document changes
ins4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
del4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Gecko text element notes

  1. q — Does not support nested quotes prior to 1.8 http://www.mozilla.org/projects/deerpark/new-web-dev-features.html.

List elements

Elements that represent lists of information.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Unordered and ordered lists
ul4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
ol4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
li4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Definition lists
dl4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
dt4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
dd4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Table elements

Elements that represent tabular information.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Basic table elements
table4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
caption4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
tr4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
th4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
td4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Row groups
thead4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
tfoot4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0?
tbody4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Column groups
colgroup4.0?1.0YesYes7.0Yes
col4.0?1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Link elements

Hyperlinks, one of the primary forces driving the success of the World Wide Web.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
a4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
link4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
base4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Multimedia elements

Multimedia features including images, applets , video clips, and other HTML documents.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Images
img4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Generic inclusion
objectIncorrectYes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
param6.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Image maps
map4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
area5.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Deprecated
applet4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Trident multimedia element notes

  1. object — For images, a frame will be added to the object. Other content types are not supported and the element is incorrectly implemented as an ActiveX wrapper. Nested objects fallback mechanism is not supported prior to version 7. http://petesguide.com/WebStandards/tests/object/fallback.html http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/workshop/essentials/whatsnew/whatsnew_70_sdk.asp

Frame elements

Elements to present documents in multiple views, which may be independent windows or subwindows. Frame layout is only available in the frameset profiles. All frames are not available in XHTML 1.1 (use generic object elements instead for inline frames).
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Frame layout
frameset4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
frame4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
noframes4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Inline frames
iframe4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Form elements

The user interface controls for interacting with the web server.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Basic structure
form4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
fieldset4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
legend4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Form controls and labels
input4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
textarea4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
button4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
label4.0Yes1.0Yes3.4.27.0Yes
List boxes (combo boxes)
select4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
optgroup4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
option4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

KHTML form elements notes

  1. label — Label is focusable prior to 3.4.2.

Presentational elements

Elements that specify presentational information. Although not all elements are deprecated, their use is discouraged in favor of stylesheets. Deprecated elements are not available in the strict profiles and XHTML 1.1.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Font styles
b4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
i4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
big4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
small4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
tt4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Horizontal rules
hr4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Deprecated
u4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
s4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
strike4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Stylesheet elements

The ways to apply stylesheets (CSS) to the document.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Using link element4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
style5.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Script elements

Elements for embedding client-side script (JavaScript). See also DOM Events for a list of attributes used to attach an event handler to an element.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
script6.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

Language elements

Elements related to language information.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
bdo5.0?1.0YesPartial7.0?

KHTML language element notes

  1. bdo — While alphabetic and alphanumeric words are affected, numeric (numbers only) words are not.

Generic attributes

Attributes that can be used in any elements.
Trident Tasman Gecko WebCore KHTML Presto iCab
Element identifiers
id3.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
class3.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Inline styles
style3.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Advisory information
title4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
Language information
lang4.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes
dir5.0Yes1.0YesYes7.0Yes

References

External links

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

File extension: .html, .htm
MIME type: text/html
Type code: TEXT
..... Click the link for more information.
character references, which can be numeric character references (decimal or hexadecimal) or character entity references. Character entity references are also sometimes referred to as named entities, or HTML entities for HTML.
..... Click the link for more information.
Dynamic HTML or DHTML is a collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated web sites by using a combination of a static markup language (such as HTML), a client-side scripting language (such as JavaScript), a presentation definition language
..... Click the link for more information.
font face or font family is the typeface that is applied to some text.

The font family and other presentational attributes of fonts are applied in HTML code using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) or the deprecated HTML font element.

Sample text.
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HTML editor is a software application for creating web pages. Although the HTML markup of a web page can be written with any text editor, specialized HTML editors can offer convenience and added functionality.
..... Click the link for more information.
HTML element indicates structure in an HTML document and a way of hierarchically arranging content. More specifically, an HTML element is an SGML element that meets the requirements of one or more of the HTML Document Type Definitions (DTDs).
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HTML
Character encodings
Dynamic HTML
Font family
HTML editor
HTML element
HTML scripting
Layout engine comparison
Style Sheets
Unicode and HTML
W3C
Web browsers comparison
Web colors
XHTML

..... Click the link for more information.
Web style sheets are a form of separation of presentation and content for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure, but does not define its visual layout (style).
..... Click the link for more information.
hypertext markup language (HTML) may contain multilingual text represented with the Unicode universal character set.

The relationship between Unicode and HTML tends to be a difficult topic for many computer professionals, document authors, and web users alike.
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World Wide Web Consortium

Consortium
Founded October 1994
Founder Tim Berners-Lee
Headquarters MIT/CSAIL in USA
ERCIM in France
Keio University in Japan
and many other offices around the world

Website www.w3.
..... Click the link for more information.
?
AOL Explorer America Online, Inc Free No Proprietary Trident
Arachne xChaos Software/Arachne Labs Free Yes GPL Proprietary
Avant Avant Force Free No Proprietary Trident
Camino The Camino Project Free Yes MPL, MPL/GPL/LGPL tri-license Gecko
..... Click the link for more information.
Web colors are colors used in designing web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors.

Authors of web pages have a variety of options available for specifying colors for elements of web documents.
..... Click the link for more information.
XHTML

File extension: .xhtml, .xht, .html, .
..... Click the link for more information.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

File extension: .html, .htm
MIME type: text/html
Type code: TEXT
..... Click the link for more information.
A layout engine, or rendering engine, is software that takes web content (such as HTML, XML, image files, etc.) and formatting information (such as CSS, XSL, etc.) and displays the formatted content on the screen.
..... Click the link for more information.
XHTML

File extension: .xhtml, .xht, .html, .
..... Click the link for more information.
    ^]]  It is possible to use CSS to partially style MathML in Opera ( see here for more ). Since Opera 9.0 Technical Preview 2 (Opera 9TP2) it is also possible to use a user javascript method to support MathML ( see here ).

References

  • W3C .

..... Click the link for more information.
Trident (also known as MSHTML) is the name of the layout engine for the Microsoft Windows version of Internet Explorer. It was first introduced with the release of Internet Explorer version 4 in October 1997, has been steadily upgraded and remains in use today.
..... Click the link for more information.
Windows Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer abbreviated MSIE), commonly abbreviated to IE, is a series of proprietary graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems
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Tasman is the name of the layout engine introduced with version 5 of Internet Explorer for Mac. Tasman was an attempt to improve support for web standards, as defined by the World Wide Web Consortium.
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Maintainer: Microsoft

OS: Mac OS X, Mac OS

Use: Web browser
License: Proprietary
Website: [1] Internet Explorer for Mac (also referred to as Internet Explorer:mac, IE:mac or
..... Click the link for more information.
Gecko is the open source, free software web browser layout engine used in all Mozilla-branded software and its derivatives, including later Netscape releases. Written in C++ and licensed under MPL/GPL/LGPL tri-license, Gecko is designed to support open Internet standards.
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Mozilla was the official, public, original name of Mozilla Application Suite by the Mozilla Foundation, currently known as SeaMonkey suite.

In informal use it has been used in a number of ways and in combination with other phrases, though all of them have been
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Maintainer: Mozilla Corporation / Mozilla Foundation

OS: Cross-platform
Available language(s): Multilingual,[1] EULA in English only[2]
Use: Web browser
License: Mozilla EULA for binary redistribution

..... Click the link for more information.
WebCore is a framework developed by Apple, and licensed under the LGPL, to provide an HTML layout engine for Mac OS X. It is one of the two primary components of the WebKit framework (the other being JavaScriptCore).
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Mac OS X (IPA: /mæk.oʊ.ɛs.tɛn/) is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc., the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently shipping Macintosh computers.
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Maintainer: Apple Inc.

OS: Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows

Use: Web browser
License: Proprietary EULA, LGPL
Website: Apple: Safari

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included in Mac OS X.
..... Click the link for more information.
KHTML is the HTML layout engine developed by the KDE project. It is the engine used by the Konqueror web browser, and a forked version (WebKit) is used by Apple's Safari web browser. Distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License, KHTML is free software.
..... Click the link for more information.
Maintainer: The KDE Team

OS: Cross-platform
Available language(s): Multilingual (80 different languages.)
Use: Desktop environment
License: GNU General Public License and others
Website: [1] KDE (
..... Click the link for more information.
Presto is the name of a layout engine for the Opera web browser developed by Opera Software. It was first released (following several public betas and technical previews) on January 28, 2003 in Opera 7.0 for Windows; it is the current layout engine being used by the browser.
..... Click the link for more information.


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