Coelenterata

Information about Coelenterata

Coelenterata

Kingdom:	Animalia
Subkingdom:	Eumetazoa
(unranked)	Coelenterata

Phyla

Ctenophora
Cnidaria

Coelenterata is an obsolete yet common term encompassing two animal phyla, the Ctenophora (comb jellies) and the Cnidaria (coral animals, true jellies, sea anemones, sea pens, and their allies). The taxon name comes from the Greek "koilos" ("hollow"), referring to the hollow body cavity common to these two phyla. They have very simple tissue organization, with only two layers of cells, external and internal.

History of classification

The term coelenterate is no longer recognized as scientifically valid, as the Cnidaria and Ctenophora have placed at equal rank under the Metazoa with the other phyla of animals.^[1] A single term encompassing these two phyla but leaving out all others of equal rank would be considered polyphyletic. Nonetheless, the term coelenterate is still used in informal settings to refer to the Cnidaria and Ctenophora.

Complicating the issue is the 1997 work of Lynn Margulis (revising an earlier model by Thomas Cavalier-Smith) that placed the Cnidaria and Ctenophora alone under the Radiata branch of the Eumetazoa subregnum.^[2] (The latter refers to all the animals except the sponges, Trichoplax, and the still poorly-understood Mesozoa.) Neither grouping is accepted universally;^[3] however, both are commonly encountered in taxonomic literature.

References

1. ^ Excerpt from Britannica article regarding Ctenophore classification
2. ^ Margulis, Lynn and Karlene V. Schwartz, 1997, Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth, W.H. Freeman & Company, ISBN 0-613-92338-3
3. ^ NCBI Taxonomy Browser

Ctenophora
Eschscholtz, 1829

Classes

Tentaculata
Nuda

The phylum Ctenophora, commonly known as Comb Jellies, is a phylum classically grouped with Cnidaria in the Coelenterata infrakingdom.
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Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. Scientific classification also can be called scientific taxonomy, but should be distinguished from folk taxonomy, which lacks scientific basis.
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Eumetazoa
Butschli, 1910

subgroups

Placozoa
Radiata
Bilateria

Eumetazoa is a clade comprising all major animal groups except sponges.
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phylum (Greek Φῦλον plural: Φῦλα phyla) is a taxon in the rank below kingdom and above class.
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Cnidaria
Hatschek, 1888

Subphylum/Classes^[1]

Anthozoa — corals and sea anemones

Medusozoa:^[2]

:Cubozoa — sea wasps or box jellyfish

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phylum (Greek Φῦλον plural: Φῦλα phyla) is a taxon in the rank below kingdom and above class.
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Cnidaria
Hatschek, 1888

Subphylum/Classes^[1]

Anthozoa — corals and sea anemones

Medusozoa:^[2]

:Cubozoa — sea wasps or box jellyfish

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Corals are marine animals from the class Anthozoa and exist as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically in colonies of many identical individuals. The group includes the important reef builders that are found in tropical oceans, which secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard
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Greek}}}
Writing system: Greek alphabet
Official status
Official language of: Greece
Cyprus
European Union
recognised as minority language in parts of:
European Union
Italy
Turkey
Regulated by:
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body cavity is any fluid filled space in a multicellular organism. However, the term usually refers to the space, located between an animal’s outer covering (epidermis) and the outer lining of the gut cavity, where internal organs develop.
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Biological tissue is a collection of interconnected cells that perform a similar function within an organism.

The study of tissue is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.
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polyphyletic (Greek for "of many races") if the trait its members have in common evolved separately in different places in the phylogenetic tree. Equivalently, a polyphyletic taxon does not contain the most recent common ancestor of all its members.
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Dr. Lynn Margulis (born March 15, 1938) is a biologist and University Professor in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.^[1]
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Professor Thomas (Tom) Cavalier-Smith (born October 21 1942), FRS, FRSC, NERC Professorial Fellow, is a Professor of Evolutionary Biology in the Department of Zoology, at the University of Oxford.
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Radiata
Linnaeus, 1758

Phyla

Cnidaria
Ctenophora

The Radiata are the radially symmetric animals of the Eumetazoa subregnum. The term Radiata has had various meanings in the history of classification.
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Eumetazoa
Butschli, 1910

subgroups

Placozoa
Radiata
Bilateria

Eumetazoa is a clade comprising all major animal groups except sponges.
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Porifera
Grant in Todd, 1836

Classes
Calcarea
Hexactinellida
Demospongiae
The sponges or poriferans (from Latin "pore" and "to bear") are animals of the phylum Porifera. Porifera translates to "Pore-bearer".
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The Mesozoa are enigmatic, minuscule, worm-like parasites. It is still unclear as to whether they are degenerate platyhelminthes (flatworms) or truly-primitive, basal metazoans.
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Coelenterata

Information about Coelenterata

History of classification

References