Information about Charles Fritts
Charles Fritts was an American inventor credited with creating the first working solar cell in 1884.
Fritts coated the semiconductor material selenium with an extremely thin layer of gold. The resulting cells had a conversion efficiency of only about 1% owing to the properties of selenium, which in combination with the material's high cost prevented the use of such cells for energy supply. Selenium cells found other applications however, for example as light sensors for exposure timing in photo cameras, where they were common well into the 1960s.
Solar cells later became practical for power uses after Russell Ohl's 1940s development of silicon p/n junction cells that reached efficiencies above 5% by the 1950s/1960s.
Today's best silicon solar cells are over 20% efficient [1], with industrial average over 13%. [1]
Fritts coated the semiconductor material selenium with an extremely thin layer of gold. The resulting cells had a conversion efficiency of only about 1% owing to the properties of selenium, which in combination with the material's high cost prevented the use of such cells for energy supply. Selenium cells found other applications however, for example as light sensors for exposure timing in photo cameras, where they were common well into the 1960s.
Solar cells later became practical for power uses after Russell Ohl's 1940s development of silicon p/n junction cells that reached efficiencies above 5% by the 1950s/1960s.
Today's best silicon solar cells are over 20% efficient [1], with industrial average over 13%. [1]
See also
Fritts, Charles An inventor is a person who creates or discovers new methods, means, or devices for performing a task. The word "inventor" comes form the latin verb invenire, invent-, to find.
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A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy. Sometimes the term solar cell is reserved for devices intended specifically to capture energy from sunlight, while the term photovoltaic cell
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18th century - 19th century - 20th century
1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887
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Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887
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Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture -
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A semiconductor is a solid that has electrical conductivity in between that of a conductor and that of an insulator, and can be controlled over a wide range, either permanently or dynamically.[1] Semiconductors are tremendously important in technology.
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4, 6
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.55 (scale Pauling)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 941.0 kJmol−1
2nd: 2045 kJmol−1
3rd: 2973.
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(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.55 (scale Pauling)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 941.0 kJmol−1
2nd: 2045 kJmol−1
3rd: 2973.
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The efficiency of an entity (a device, component, or system) in electronics and electrical engineering is defined as useful power output divided by the total electrical power consumed (a fractional expression).
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Russell Ohl (1898 - 1987) is generally recognized for patenting the modern solar cell (US2402662, "Light sensitive device"). Ohl was a notable semiconductor researcher prior to the invention of the transistor.
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The timeline of solar cells begins in the 1800s when it is observed that the presence of sunlight is capable of generating usable electrical energy. Solar cells have gone on to be used in many applications.
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