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The Azilian is a name given by archaeologists to an industry of the Epipaleolithic in northern Spain and southern France.

It probably dates to the period of the Allerød Oscillation around 10,000 years ago and followed the Magdalenian culture. Archaeologists think the Azilian represents the tail end of the Magdalenian as the warming climate brought about changes in human behaviour in the area. The effects of melting ice sheets would have diminished the food supply and probably impoverished the previously well-fed Magdalenian manufacturers. As a result, Azilian tools and art were cruder and less expansive than their Ice Age predecessors - or simply different.

Diagnostic artefacts from the culture include Azilian points (microliths with rounded retouched backs), crude flat bone harpoons and pebbles with abstract decoration. The latter were first found in the River Arise at the type-site for the culture, Mas d'Azil in the French Pyrenees [1]. 145 are known from the Swiss site of Birsmatten-Eremitage. Compared with the late Magdelanian, the number of microliths increases.

The Azilian co-existed with similar early Mesolithic European cultures such as the Tjongerian of Northern and the Swiderian of North-Eastern Europe and is followed by the Sauveterrian in Southern France and Switzerland, the Tardenoisian in Northern France, the Maglemosian in Denmark and Great-Britain. The Ertebølle of Northern Europe already belongs to the late Mesolithic, characterised by large trapezoid flints.

See also

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An archaeological industry is the name given to a consistent range of assemblages connected with a single product, such as the Langdale axe industry. Where the assemblages contain evidence of a variety of items and behaviours, the more correct term is "archaeological culture".
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The Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic was a period in the development of human technology that precedes the Neolithic period of the Stone Age. It is preferred as an alternative to Mesolithic in areas with limited glacial impact.
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Motto
"Plus Ultra"   (Latin)
"Further Beyond"
Anthem
"Marcha Real" 1
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Motto
Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"


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The Allerød period is a part of a temperature oscillation toward the end of the last glaciation, during which temperatures in the northern Atlantic region rose from glacial to almost present day level.
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Magdalenian, also spelled Magdalénien, refers to one of the later cultures of the Upper Palaeolithic in western Europe. It is named after the type site of La Madeleine in the Dordogne region of France.
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ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the temperature of Earth's climate, resulting in an expansion of the continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and mountain glaciers.
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A cultural artifact is a human-made which gives information about the culture of its creator and users. The artifact may change over time in what it represents, how it appears and how and why it is used as the culture changes over time.
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harpoon (from French harpon) is a long spear-like instrument used in fishing to catch fish or other large aquatic animals such as whales. It accomplishes this task by impaling the target animal, with the fishermen then using the a rope or chain attached to the butt of the
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Pyrenees
Spanish: Pirineos



Countries | Spain,France,Andorra

Geology
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A microlith is a small stone tool, typically knapped of flint or chert, usually about three centimetres long or less. Microliths were either produced from small blades (microblades) or made by snapping normal big blades in a controlled manner, which leaves a very typical piece of
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Azilian is a name given by archaeologists to an industry of the Epipaleolithic in northern Spain and southern France.

It probably dates to the period of the Allerød Oscillation around 10,000 years ago and followed the Magdalenian culture.
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The Sauveterrian is the name for an archaeological culture of the European Mesolithic which flourished around 7000-8000 years BC. The name is derived from the type site of Sauveterre le Lémance in the French departement of Lot et Garonne.
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The Tardenoisian is an archaeological culture of the Mesolithic period from north-western France and Belgium. Similar cultures are known further east in central Europe (late Mesolithic) and west across Spain.
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Maglemosian (ca 7500 BC- ca 6000 BC) is the name given to a culture of the early Mesolithic period in Northern Europe. In Scandinavia, the culture is succeeded by the Kongemose culture.
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Ertebølle culture (ca 5300 BC-3950 BC) is the name of a hunter-gatherer and fisher culture dating to the end of the Mesolithic period. The culture was concentrated in Southern Scandinavia, but genetically linked to strongly related cultures in Northern Germany and the Northern
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The Epipaleolithic or Mesolithic was a period in the development of human technology that precedes the Neolithic period of the Stone Age. It is preferred as an alternative to Mesolithic in areas with limited glacial impact.
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The Mesolithic (Greek mesos=middle and lithos=stone or the 'Middle Stone Age'[1]) was a period in the development of human technology between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods of the Stone Age.
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The Tardenoisian is an archaeological culture of the Mesolithic period from north-western France and Belgium. Similar cultures are known further east in central Europe (late Mesolithic) and west across Spain.
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The Sauveterrian is the name for an archaeological culture of the European Mesolithic which flourished around 7000-8000 years BC. The name is derived from the type site of Sauveterre le Lémance in the French departement of Lot et Garonne.
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Franco-Cantabric region is a term applied in Archaeology and History to refer to an area that stretches from Asturias, in northern Spain, to Provence in SE France.

This region shows much homogeneity in the prehistorical record and was possibly the most densely populated
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Neolithic Europe is the time between the Mesolithic and Bronze Age periods in Europe, roughly from 7000 BC (the approximate time of the first farming societies in Greece) to ca. 1700 BC (the beginning of the Bronze Age in northwest Europe).
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Purpose

The table gives a rough picture of the relationships between the various principal cultures of Prehistory outside the Americas, Antarctica, Australia and Oceania. It also serves as an index of the broad features of that prehistory to be followed through links to articles.
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