Information about Anterior Horn (spinal Cord)
| Anterior horn (spinal cord) | |
|---|---|
| Latin | cornu anterius medullae spinalis |
| subject #185 753 | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | c_55/12259735 |
The anterior horn contains motoneurons that affect the axial muscles while the posterior horn receives information regarding touch and sensation.
The anterior horn is where the cell bodies of alpha motorneurons are located.
Pathology
It is these cells that are affected in the so-called "Anterior Horn Diseases", namely Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Spinal muscular atrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and Progressive muscular atrophy. These motorneurons are also affected in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (Kennedy disease).Anatomical details
The Anterior Column (anterior cornu, anterior horn), directed forward, is broad and of a rounded or quadrangular shape.Its posterior part is termed the base, and its anterior part the head, but these are not differentiated from each other by any well-defined constriction.
It is separated from the surface of the medulla spinalis by a layer of white substance which is traversed by the bundles of the anterior nerve roots.
In the thoracic region, the postero-lateral part of the anterior column projects lateralward as a triangular field, which is named the lateral column (columna lateralis; lateral cornu).
Additional images
) Section of the medulla oblongata through the lower part of the decussation of the pyramids |
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
Anatomy of torso (primarily): the spinal cord | |
|---|---|
| Spinal nerve | Dorsal (Root, Ganglion, Ramus) • Ventral (Root, Ramus) • Sympathetic trunk • rami communicantes (Gray, White) |
| Gray matter/Rexed laminae | Posterior horn (Column of Clarke, Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando, Nucleus proprius) • Lateral horn • Anterior horn • Central canal/Substantia gelatinosa centralis |
| White matter: somatic/ascending (blue) | |
| White matter: motor/descending (red) |
Lateral: Corticospinal (Lateral) • Ep (Rubrospinal, Olivospinal)
Anterior: Corticospinal (Anterior) • Ep (Vestibulospinal, Tectospinal, Reticulospinal)
|
| Layers | Epidural space • Dura mater • Subdural space • Arachnoid mater • Subarachnoid space • Pia mater |
| Other structures | Denticulate ligaments • Conus medullaris • Cauda equina • Filum terminale • Cervical enlargement • Lumbar enlargement • Anterior median fissure |
Latin}}}
Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Official status
Official language of: Vatican City
Used for official purposes, but not spoken in everyday speech
Regulated by: Opus Fundatum Latinitas
Roman Catholic Church
Language codes
ISO 639-1: la
ISO 639-2: lat
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Elsevier, the world's largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. Based in Amsterdam, the company has substantial operations in the UK, USA and elsewhere.
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
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In sciences dealing with the anatomy of animals, precise anatomical terms of location are necessary for a variety of reasons. Non-scientists often wonder why zoological and human anatomists use complex terminology to describe locations on a body, when common terms like "up",
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
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Location Ventral horn of the spinal cord
Function Excitatory projection (to NMJ)
Neurotransmitter ACh
Morphology Projection neuron
Presynaptic connections M1 via the Corticospinal tract
Postsynaptic connections
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Function Excitatory projection (to NMJ)
Neurotransmitter ACh
Morphology Projection neuron
Presynaptic connections M1 via the Corticospinal tract
Postsynaptic connections
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MUSCLE (multiple sequence comparison by log-expectation) is public domain, multiple sequence alignment software for protein and nucleotide sequences.
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The posterior horn (posterior column, posterior cornu, dorsal horn, spinal dorsal horn) of the spinal cord is the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord.
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In psychology, sensation is the first stage in the biochemical and neurologic events that begins with the impinging of a stimulus upon the receptor cells of a sensory organ, which then leads to perception, the mental state that is reflected in statements like "I see a uniformly
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The soma, or perikaryon, is the bulbous end of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus. It is also known as the cell body. The word soma is Greek, meaning "body"; the soma of a neuron is often called the "cell body".
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Classification & external resources
ICD-10 G 12.2
ICD-9 335.20
OMIM 105400
DiseasesDB 29148
MedlinePlus 000688
eMedicine neuro/14 emerg/24 pmr/10
MeSH D000690 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Classification & external resources
ICD-10 G 12.2
ICD-9 335.20
OMIM 105400
DiseasesDB 29148
MedlinePlus 000688
eMedicine neuro/14 emerg/24 pmr/10
MeSH D000690 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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MeSH D009134 Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a term applied to a number of different disorders, all having in common a genetic cause and the manifestation of weakness due to loss of the motor neurons of the spinal cord and brainstem.
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MeSH D009134 Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) is a rare subtype of Motor neurone disease (MND) which affects only the lower motor neurones. This is contrast to the most common form of MND, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which affects both the upper and lower motor neurones.
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Kennedy's disease (KD) or X-linked spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular disease associated with mutations of the androgen receptor (AR). Because of its endocrine manifestations related to the impairment of the AR, it can be viewed as a variation of the
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The medulla oblongata is the lower portion of the brainstem.
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Location
By anatomical terms of location, it is rostral to the spinal cord and caudal to the pons, which is in turn ventral to the cerebellum...... Click the link for more information.
pyramidal decussation.
Having crossed the middle line, they pass down in the posterior part of the lateral funiculus as the lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus.
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Having crossed the middle line, they pass down in the posterior part of the lateral funiculus as the lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus.
Additional images
Diagrams of the medulla spinalis.
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Public domain comprises the body of knowledge and innovation (especially creative works such as writing, art, music, and inventions) in relation to which no person or other legal entity can establish or maintain proprietary interests within a particular legal jurisdiction.
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Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body (or Gray's Anatomy as it has commonly been shortened) is an English-language human anatomy textbook widely regarded as a classic work on the subject.
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Torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies (including that of the human) from which extend the neck and limbs. It is sometimes referred to as the trunk. The torso includes the thorax and abdomen.
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spinal chord is a thin, tubular bundle of nerves that is an extension of the central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected by the bony vertebral column.
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The term spinal nerve generally refers to the mixed spinal nerve, which is formed from the dorsal and ventral roots that come out of the spinal cord. The spinal nerve is the bit that passes out of the vertebrae through the intervertebral foramen.
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In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve.
At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root.
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At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root.
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In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root ganglion (or spinal ganglion) is a nodule on a dorsal root that contains cell bodies of neurons in afferent spinal nerves.
The axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons are known as afferents.
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The axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons are known as afferents.
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The posterior (or dorsal) branches (or divisions) of the spinal nerves are as a rule smaller than the anterior divisions.
They are directed backward, and, with the exceptions of those of the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal, divide into medial
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They are directed backward, and, with the exceptions of those of the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal, divide into medial
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In anatomy and neurology, the ventral root (or anterior root) is the efferent motor root of a spinal nerve.
At its distal end, the ventral root joins with the dorsal root to form a mixed spinal nerve.
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At its distal end, the ventral root joins with the dorsal root to form a mixed spinal nerve.
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The ventral ramus (anterior ramus, anterior branch, anterior divisions of the spinal nerves) supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk, and the limbs; they are for the most part larger than the posterior divisions.
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The sympathetic trunk (sympathetic chain, gangliated cord) is a bundle of nerve fibers that runs from the base of the skull to the coccyx. There are two sympathetic trunks in the body, a right one and a left one.
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Rami communicans (plural rami communicantes) is the term used for a nerve which connects two other nervers.
When used without further definition, it almost always refers to a communicating branch between a spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk.
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When used without further definition, it almost always refers to a communicating branch between a spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk.
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Each spinal nerve receives a branch, gray ramus communicans, from the adjacent ganglion of the sympathetic trunk.
They contain unmyelinated postganglionic sympathetic fibers.
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They contain unmyelinated postganglionic sympathetic fibers.
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