Information about Ann Radcliffe

Ann Radcliffe

Born:	July 9, 1764 Holborn
Died:	February 7, 1823
Occupation:	Novelist
Nationality:	English
Genres:	gothic novel

This article is about the 19th-century author. For the 17th century benefactor of Harvard, see Ann (Radcliffe) Mowlson.

Ann Radcliffe (July 9, 1764 - February 7, 1823) was an English author, a pioneer of the gothic novel.

Biography

Radcliffe was born Ann Ward in Holborn. She married William Radcliffe, an editor for the English Chronicle, at Bath in 1788. The couple was childless. To amuse herself, she began to write fiction, which her husband encouraged.

She published The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne in 1789. It set the tone for the majority of her work, which tended to involve innocent, but heroic young women who find themselves in gloomy, mysterious castles ruled by even more mysterious barons with dark pasts.

Her works were extremely popular among the upper class and the growing middle class, especially among young women. Her works included A Sicilian Romance (1790), The Romance of the Forest (1791), The Mysteries of Udolpho (1794), and The Italian (1796).

The success of The Romance of the Forest established Radcliffe as the leading exponent of the historical Gothic romance. Her later novels met with even greater attention, and produced many imitators, and famously, Jane Austen's burlesque of The Mysteries of Udolpho in Northanger Abbey, as well as influencing the works of Sir Walter Scott.

Stylistically, Radcliffe was noted for her vivid descriptions of exotic locales, though in reality the author had rarely or never visited the actual locations.

She died on February 7, 1823 from respiratory problems probably caused by pneumonia.

In popular culture

Paul Féval, père used her as his protagonist in the novel La Ville Vampire (translated as Vampire City).

In the film Becoming Jane, she is portrayed by Helen McCrory, in a scene where she meets Jane Austen and encourages her to embark on a writing career (there is no historical evidence of such a meeting, though as noted Radcliffe's works had clearly influenced Austen's).

Influence on later writers

• Jane Austen
• William Makepeace Thackeray
• Sir Walter Scott
• William Wordsworth
• Samuel Taylor Coleridge
• Percy Bysshe Shelley
• John Keats
• Lord Byron
• Charles Dickens's Little Dorrit (1855-7)
• Wilkie Collins's The Woman in White (1860)
• The Brontës
• Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre (1847)
• Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca (1938)
• Witold Gombrowicz's Possessed, or The Secret of Myslotch: A Gothic Novel (1939)
• Edgar Allan Poe's short story The Oval Portrait drew from Udolpho and mentions Radcliffe by name (somewhat disparagingly) in the introduction.

Publications include

• The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne (1 volume), 1789, gothic novel. ISBN 0-19-282357-4
• A Sicilian Romance (2 vols.) 1790, gothic novel. ISBN 0-19-283666-8
• The Romance of the Forest (3 vols.) 1791, gothic novel. ISBN 0-19-283713-3
• The Mysteries of Udolpho (4 vols.) 1794. ISBN 0-19-282523-2
• The Italian (3 vols.) 1797. ISBN 0-14-043754-1
• Gaston de Blondeville (4 vols.) 1826, reprinted in 2006 by Valancourt Books ISBN 0-9777841-0-X

External links

• Works by Ann Radcliffe at Project Gutenberg
• Listing in 'The Literary Gothic'
• Listing in The Victorian Web
• Book description for Gaston de Blondeville at Valancourt Books
• Listing at Zittaw Press
• Ruth Facer, 'Ann Radcliffe (1764-1823)' at www.chawton.org
• Biography, links, and e-texts at The Literary Gothic
• Biography and brief description of her writing

Persondata
NAME	Radcliffe, Ann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Ward, Ann
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Novelist
DATE OF BIRTH	July 9, 1764
PLACE OF BIRTH	Holborn, England
DATE OF DEATH	February 7, 1823
PLACE OF DEATH

|240px|Bath, Somerset (