Information about Adaptive Design

Adaptive technology is the name for products which help people who cannot use regular versions of products, primarily people with physical disabilities such as limitations to vision, hearing, and mobility.

Adaptive technology promotes greater effectiveness for persons with functional limitations or disabilities by enabling them to perform tasks that they were formerly unable to accomplish, or had great difficulty accomplishing. Adaptive technology provides changed methods of interacting with or enhancements to the technology.

Adaptive technology for persons who are blind or have a visual impairment

Blind or visual impairment: unable to see or difficulty seeing

Blind people use many products that have voice activation such as talking watches, talking calculators and talking computers. Talking scales, talking compasses and talking thermometers are also available. Talking computers use screenreading software to have the machine read to blind people. They also use products with Braille feedback, such as Braille watches and Braille writing devices. Many computer products for blind people are made by Freedom Scientific.

Visually impaired people, who have eye problems but still have some sight, have computers which have enlarged screens so that images and text are much clearer to read.

Adaptive technology for persons who are deaf or have a hearing impairment

Deaf or hearing impairment: unable to hear or difficulty hearing

Technologies to assist the Deaf and hearing impaired include closed captions on television and the TTY/TDD phone service. Also, blinking lights and vibration devices also help to enhance hearing impaired functioning in a predominantly hearing world.

Some technologies not specifically designed as adaptive have become popular with the Deaf: for example, devices such as text-messaging-equipped cellular phones and BlackBerry e-mail devices are almost ubiquitous among young Deaf people.

Adaptive technology for persons with a speech impairment

Speech impairment: unable to speak, or difficulty speaking and being understood

Speaking impaired people, those who have lost the ability to speak but can still hear, include but are not limited to people who have had strokes, other brain injury, or injury to the vocal cords through surgery or other insult. Computers may provide speech through speech synthesis, and text-messaging-equipped mobile phones are also popular.

Adaptive technology for persons with a co-ordination, dexterity, or mobility impairment

Co-ordination or dexterity impairment: difficulty using hands or arms; for example, grasping or handling a stapler or using a keyboard/mouse

Mobility impairment: difficulty moving around; for example, from one office to another or up and down stairs

People with limited manual mobility have software which enables non-manual methods of computer use, such as eye-driven keyboarding or speech recognition software. Robotic arms are also in development and a number of low-fi assistive devices are available such as jelly buttons, head wands and sip-and-puff devices.

Adaptive technology for persons with other disabilities

Other disability: including learning disabilities, developmental disabilities and all other types of disabilities

Dyslexia is perhaps the most common example of an "other disability" found in the workplace. A variety of software is available to enable persons with dyslexia deal more effectively with reading and writing tasks.