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Information about 3 Way

3-Way
General
Joan Daemen
1994
NOEKEON
BaseKing
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 96 bits
Block size(s):| 96 bits
Substitution-permutation network
11
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | related-key attack


In cryptography, 3-Way is a block cipher designed in 1994 by Joan Daemen, who also (with Vincent Rijmen) designed Rijndael, the winner of NIST's Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) contest.

3-Way has a block size of 96 bits, notably not a power of two such as the more common 64 or 128 bits. The key length is also 96 bits. The figure 96 arises from the use of three 32 bit words in the algorithm, from which also is derived the cipher's name. When 3-Way was invented, 96-bit keys and blocks were quite strong, but more recent ciphers have a 128-bit block, and few now have keys shorter than 128 bits. 3-Way is an 11-round substitution-permutation network.

3-Way is designed to be very efficient in a wide range of platforms from 8-bit processors to specialised hardware, and has some elegant mathematical features which enable nearly all the decryption to be done in exactly the same circuits as did the encryption.

3-Way is vulnerable to related key cryptanalysis; John Kelsey, Bruce Schneier, and David Wagner show how it can be broken with one related key query and about chosen plaintexts.

References

External links

Block ciphers
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Algorithms: 3-Way | AES | Akelarre | Anubis | ARIA | BaseKing | Blowfish | C2 | Camellia | CAST-128 | CAST-256 | CIKS-1 | CIPHERUNICORN-A | CIPHERUNICORN-E | CMEA | Cobra | COCONUT98 | Crab | CRYPTON | CS-Cipher | DEAL | DES | DES-X | DFC | E2 | FEAL | FROG | G-DES | GOST | Grand Cru | Hasty Pudding Cipher | Hierocrypt | ICE | IDEA | IDEA NXT | Iraqi | Intel Cascade Cipher | KASUMI | KHAZAD | Khufu and Khafre | KN-Cipher | Libelle | LOKI89/91 | LOKI97 | Lucifer | M6 | MacGuffin | Madryga | MAGENTA | MARS | Mercy | MESH | MISTY1 | MMB | MWA | MULTI2 | NewDES | NOEKEON | NUSH | Q | RC2 | RC5 | RC6 | REDOC | Red Pike | S-1 | SAFER | SC2000 | SEED | Serpent | SHACAL | SHARK | Skipjack | SMS4 | Square | TEA | Triple DES | Twofish | UES | Xenon | xmx | XTEA | XXTEA | Zodiac
Design: Feistel network | Key schedule | Product cipher | S-box | SPN Attacks: Brute force | Linear / Differential / Integral cryptanalysis | Mod n | Related-key | Slide | XSL
Standardization: AES process | CRYPTREC | NESSIE Misc: Avalanche effect | Block size | IV | Key size | Modes of operation | Piling-up lemma | Weak key
Cryptography
 •  • [ e]
History of cryptography | Cryptanalysis | | Topics in cryptography
Symmetric-key algorithm | Block cipher | Stream cipher | Public-key cryptography | Cryptographic hash function | Message authentication code | Random numbers
Joan Daemen (born 1965, in Achel, Limburg, Belgium) is a Belgian cryptographer and one of the designers of Rijndael, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), together with Vincent Rijmen.
..... Click the link for more information.
Noekeon

General
Joan Daemen,
Michaël Peeters,
Gilles Van Assche,
Vincent Rijmen
2000-09

3-Way, BaseKing

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128 bits

Block size(s):| 128 bits

16

NOEKEON
..... Click the link for more information.
BaseKing

General
Joan Daemen
1994

NOEKEON
3-Way

Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 192 bits

Block size(s):| 192 bits
Substitution-permutation network
11
Best public cryptanalysis|-| colspan=2 | related-key attack, power analysis
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, the key size (alternatively key length) is the size of the digits used to create an encrypted text; it is therefore also a measure of the number of possible keys which can be used in a cipher, and the number of keys which must be tested to 'break' the
..... Click the link for more information.
block size. Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input — this is logically required by the Pigeonhole principle and the fact that the cipher must be invertible — and it is simply undesirable for
..... Click the link for more information.
SP-network, or substitution-permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES.

These networks consist of S-boxes and P-boxes that transform blocks of input bits into output bits.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analıein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so.
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, a related-key attack is any form of cryptanalysis where the attacker can observe the operation of a cipher under several different keys whose values are initially unknown, but where some mathematical relationship connecting the keys is known to the attacker.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cryptography (or cryptology; derived from Greek κρυπτός kryptós "hidden," and the verb γράφω gráfo "write" or λεγειν legein
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block cipher is a symmetric key cipher which operates on fixed-length groups of bits, termed blocks, with an unvarying transformation. When encrypting, a block cipher might take a (for example) 128-bit block of plaintext as input, and output a corresponding 128-bit block
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Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled until (UTC) due to vandalism.
If you are prevented from editing this page, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or
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Joan Daemen (born 1965, in Achel, Limburg, Belgium) is a Belgian cryptographer and one of the designers of Rijndael, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), together with Vincent Rijmen.
..... Click the link for more information.
Vincent Rijmen (born 16 October 1970, in Leuven, near Brussels, Belgium) is a Belgian cryptographer and one of the designers of the Rijndael, the Advanced Encryption Standard.
..... Click the link for more information.
AES
The SubBytes step, one of four stages in a round of AES

General
Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen
1998

Square
Anubis, Grand Cru

AES winner, CRYPTREC, NESSIE
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), known between 1901–1988 as the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), is a non-regulatory agency of the United States Department of Commerce. The institute's mission is to promote U.S.
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AES
The SubBytes step, one of four stages in a round of AES

General
Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen
1998

Square
Anubis, Grand Cru

AES winner, CRYPTREC, NESSIE
Cipher detail
Key size(s):| 128, 192 or 256 bits[1]
..... Click the link for more information.
block size. Both the input (plaintext) and output (ciphertext) are the same length; the output cannot be shorter than the input — this is logically required by the Pigeonhole principle and the fact that the cipher must be invertible — and it is simply undesirable for
..... Click the link for more information.
BIT is an acronym for:
  • Bannari amman Institute of Technology
  • Bangalore Institute of Technology
  • Beijing Institute of Technology
  • Benzisothiazolinone
  • Bilateral Investment Treaty
  • Bhilai Institute of Technology - Durg

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power of two is any of the integer powers of the number two;[1] in other words, two multiplied by itself a certain number of times.[2] Note that one is a power (the zeroth power) of two. Written in binary, a power of two always has the form 100...
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In cryptography, the key size (alternatively key length) is the size of the digits used to create an encrypted text; it is therefore also a measure of the number of possible keys which can be used in a cipher, and the number of keys which must be tested to 'break' the
..... Click the link for more information.
A word is a unit of language that carries meaning and consists of one or more morphemes which are linked more or less tightly together, and has a phonetical value. Typically a word will consist of a root or stem and zero or more affixes.
..... Click the link for more information.
SP-network, or substitution-permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES.

These networks consist of S-boxes and P-boxes that transform blocks of input bits into output bits.
..... Click the link for more information.
Computer hardware is the physical part of a computer, including the digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and data, which are "soft" in the
..... Click the link for more information.
In cryptography, a related-key attack is any form of cryptanalysis where the attacker can observe the operation of a cipher under several different keys whose values are initially unknown, but where some mathematical relationship connecting the keys is known to the attacker.
..... Click the link for more information.
Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analıein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the study of methods for obtaining the meaning of encrypted information, without access to the secret information which is normally required to do so.
..... Click the link for more information.
John Kelsey is a cryptographer currently working at NIST. His research interests include cryptanalysis and design of symmetric cryptography primitives (block ciphers, stream ciphers, cryptographic hash functions, MACs), analysis and design of cryptographic protocols, cryptographic
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Bruce Schneier

Born 15 January 1963 (1963--) (age 44)

Residence U.S.
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David A. Wagner (1974) is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley and a well-known researcher in cryptography and computer security.
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plaintext is information used as input to an encryption algorithm; the output is termed ciphertext. The plaintext could be, for example, a diplomatic message, a bank transaction, an e-mail, a diary and so forth — any information that someone might want to prevent
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Fast Software Encryption, often abbreviated FSE, is a workshop for cryptography research, focussed on symmetric-key cryptography with an emphasis on fast, practical techniques, as opposed to theory.
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